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تاثیر کودهای آلی و شیمیایی و محلولپاشی اسید آمینه بر شاخص‌های رشدی و عملکردی پسته رقم 'اکبری' (Pistacia vera L. 'Akbari') | ||
| علوم باغبانی ایران | ||
| دوره 54، شماره 2، تیر 1402، صفحه 175-194 اصل مقاله (1.34 M) | ||
| نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22059/ijhs.2023.344206.2040 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| غزاله قادری چرمهینی1؛ مصطفی شیرمردی* 1؛ اعظم جعفری1؛ حیدر مفتاحی زاده2 | ||
| 1گروه علوم باغبانی، دانشکده کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه اردکان، اردکان، ایران. | ||
| 2گروه علوم باغبانی، دانشکده کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه اردکان، اردکان، ایران | ||
| چکیده | ||
| پژوهش حاضر با هدف بررسی تاثیر اصلاح‌کننده‌های آلی، اشکال مختلف فسفر و محلولپاشی اسیدآمینه به صورت آزمایش فاکتوریل در قالب طرح بلوک کامل تصادفی با سه تکرار بر شاخص‌های رشدی و عملکردی پسته رقم اکبری انجام شد. تیمارها شش سطح از کودهای آلی و شیمیایی شامل: عدم کاربرد کود (F1)، 20 تن در هکتار کود گاوی (F2)، 15 تن در هکتار کود گاوی + 5 تن در هکتار کود مرغی (F3)، 10 تن در هکتار کود گاوی + 4 تن در هکتار کود مرغی + 6 تن در هکتار بیوچار ضایعات پسته (F4)، 20 تن در هکتار کود گاوی و 300 کیلوگرم در هکتار دی‌آمونیوم‌فسفات (F5) و 20 تن در هکتار کود گاوی و 300 کیلوگرم در هکتار سوپرفسفات‌تریپل (F6) و سه سطح محلولپاشی اسید آمینه شامل: صفر (AA0)، 60 (AA60) و 120پی‌پی‌ام (AA120) بود. نتایج نشان داد که تیمار کاربرد همزمان F6 و AA120 منجر به افزایش معنی‌دار کلروفیل، تعداد خوشه، وزن تر و خشک پسته، تعداد دانه در خوشه، غلظت فسفر و پتاسیم برگ و نیز کاهش معنی‌دار Na/K نسبت به تیمار شاهد و کاربرد مجزای آن‌ها شد. تیمار F6 منجر‌به افزایش معنی‌دار طول و قطر شاخه، سطح برگ، وزن صد دانه، درصد خندانی و محتوای‌نسبی‌آب (به ترتیب 6/17، 9/41، 8/52، 7/21، 1/38 و 9/51 درصد) و کاهش معنی‌دار تعداد پسته در یک اونس و درصد پوکی نسبت به شاهد (به ترتیب 9/10 و 8/42 درصد) شد. کاربرد AA120 سطح برگ را به طور معنی‌داری نسبت به شاهد افزایش داد. اختلاط کود گاوی، مرغی و بیوچار ضایعات پسته (F4) به همراه AA60 و AA120، تاثیر مثبتی بر شاخص‌های تعداد خوشه، وزن تر و خشک پسته داشت. به‌نظر می‌رسد کاربرد همزمان کود گاوی، سوپرفسفات‌تریپل و محلولپاشی 120 پی‌پی‌ام اسید آمینه اثر مثبتی بر عملکرد پسته داشته باشد. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها | ||
| اصلاح‌کننده؛ بیوچار؛ تغذیه؛ شوری؛ ضایعات کشاورز | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| Effect of Organic and Chemical Fertilizers and Foliar Application of Amino acid on Growth and Yield Indices of ' Akbari ' Pistachio (Pistacia vera L.) | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| Ghazaleh Ghaderi chermahini1؛ Mostafa Shirmardi1؛ Azam Jafari1؛ Heidar Meftahizade2 | ||
| 1Department of Horticultural Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture & Natural Resources, Ardakan University, Ardakan, Iran. | ||
| 2Department of Horticultural Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture & Natural Resources, Ardakan University, Ardakan, Iran. | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of organic amendments, phosphorus and amino acid as a factorial experiment in a randomized complete block design with three replications on Akbari cultivar of pistachio. Treatments include six levels of organic and chemical fertilizers (no application (F1), 20ton/ha cow manure (F2), 15ton/ha cow manure+5ton/ha poultry manure (F3), 10ton/ha cow manure+4ton/ha poultry manure+6ton/ha pistachio waste biochar (F4), 20ton/ha cow manure+300kg/ha of diammonium phosphate (F5), 20ton/ha cow manure+300kg/ha of triple superphosphate (F6)) and three levels of amino acid foliar application (0 (AA0), 60 (AA60) and 120ppm (AA120)). The results showed that the simultaneous application of F6 and AA120 led to a significant increase in chlorophyll, number of spikes, fresh and dry weight of pistachios, number of seeds per spike, concentration of phosphorus and potassium and decrease in Na/K compared to control and their separate application. F6 treatment led to a significant increase in branch length and diameter, leaf area, weight of hundred seeds, laughing percentage and relative water content (17.6, 41.9, 52.8, 21.7, 38.1 and 51.9%, respectively) significantly decreased number of pistachio in one ounce and percentage of emptiness (10.9% and 42.8%, respectively). Application of AA120 significantly increased leaf area compared to the control. Mixing cattle, poultry and biochar fertilizers of pistachio wastes (F4) along with AA60 and AA120 had a positive effect on number of cluster, fresh and dry weight of pistachios. Simultaneous application of cow manure, superphosphate triple and amino acid seems to have a positive effect on pistachio yield. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها [English] | ||
| Amendment, Agricultural Waste, Biochar, Salinity, Nutrition | ||
| مراجع | ||
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