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کنترل Phytophthora sojae و Macrophomina Phaseolina در سویا توسط عوامل زیستی | ||
دانش گیاهپزشکی ایران | ||
دوره 54، شماره 1، شهریور 1402، صفحه 77-100 اصل مقاله (2.29 M) | ||
نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22059/ijpps.2023.356054.1007023 | ||
نویسندگان | ||
سعید میرزایی* 1؛ مسعود احمدی افزادی1؛ محمدرضا لشکری2؛ بتول صادقی3 | ||
1گروه بیوتکنولوژی، پژوهشکده علوم محیطی، پژوهشگاه علوم و تکنولوژی پیشرفته و علوم محیطی، دانشگاه تحصیلات تکمیلی صنعتی و فناوری پیشرفته، کرمان، ایران | ||
2گروه تنوع زیستی، پژوهشکده علوم محیطی، پژوهشگاه علوم و تکنولوژی پیشرفته و علوم محیطی، دانشگاه تحصیلات تکمیلی صنعتی و فناوری پیشرفته، کرمان، ایران | ||
3دانشجوی سابق رشته بیماری شناسی گیاهی، دانشگاه زابل، زابل، ایران | ||
چکیده | ||
سویا یکی از مهمترین دانههای روغنی در جهان است که نیمی از پروتئین و روغن گیاهی مصرفی انسان را تامین میکند. بیماری پوسیدگی زغالی و پوسیدگی طوقه و ریشه سویا ناشی از Macrophomina phaseolina و Phytophthora sojae از مهمترین بیماریهای سویا هستند که باعث کاهش کمی و کیفی عملکرد محصول میشوند. راهبرد مهار زیستی با استفاده از خانواده Actinobacteria، به ویژه اعضای جنس Streptomyces و در خانواده Hypocreaceae، جنس Trichoderma، به عنوان یک روش امیدوارکننده برای مدیریت بیماریها و آفات در نظر گرفته میشود. در این مطالعه فعالیت مهار زیستی یک جدایه استرپتومایسس و یک جدایه تریکودرمای جداسازی شده از خاک باغات استان کرمان در برابر قارچهای بیمارگرM. phaseolina و P. sojae مورد ارزیابی قرار گرفت. آزمایشها در آزمایشگاه بر پایه طرح کاملاتصادفی با سه تکرار انجام شد. تجزیه و تحلیل توالی 16s rDNA و ناحیه ITS نشان داد که Streptomyces sp.جدایه ۲۳ وTrichoderma sp. جدایه۱ به ترتیب متعلق به S. bacillaris وT. Longibrachiatum میباشند. نتایج روش کشت دوگانه و آزمون متابولیتهای فرار نشان داد که S. bacillaris جدایه23 و T. longibrachiatum جدایه۱ بطور معنیداری از رشد M. phaseolina و P. sojae جلوگیری کردند. در هر دو آزمون، دو عامل بیوکنترل مورد استفاده اثر بازدارندگی بیشتری بر روی رشد میسلیومیP. sojae در مقایسه با M. phaseolina از خود نشان دادند. | ||
کلیدواژهها | ||
اکتینوباکتریا؛ بیماری پوسیدگی زغالی؛ سویا؛ کنترل زیستی | ||
مراجع | ||
رضایی، ساسان و علیزاده، علی (١٣٧٧) . بوته میری فیتوفترایی سویا ناشی از قارچ Phytophthora sojaeدر استان لرستان. نشریه بیماریهای گیاهی، 34 (4)، 122- 143.
میرزایی، سعید (1396). پروفایل ترانسکریپتوم نوک شاخه و ریشه گیاه سویا. مجله پژوهشهای سلولی و مولکولی. مجله زیست شناسی ایران، 30 (4)، 409- 421.
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