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لطفیان, سعیده. (1401). روابط نظامیان- غیرنظامیان امریکایی، با تأکید بر دوران ریاست ‌جمهوری ترامپ. , 52(3), 772-743. doi: 10.22059/jpq.2023.347089.1007986
سعیده لطفیان. "روابط نظامیان- غیرنظامیان امریکایی، با تأکید بر دوران ریاست ‌جمهوری ترامپ". , 52, 3, 1401, 772-743. doi: 10.22059/jpq.2023.347089.1007986
لطفیان, سعیده. (1401). 'روابط نظامیان- غیرنظامیان امریکایی، با تأکید بر دوران ریاست ‌جمهوری ترامپ', , 52(3), pp. 772-743. doi: 10.22059/jpq.2023.347089.1007986
لطفیان, سعیده. روابط نظامیان- غیرنظامیان امریکایی، با تأکید بر دوران ریاست ‌جمهوری ترامپ. , 1401; 52(3): 772-743. doi: 10.22059/jpq.2023.347089.1007986

روابط نظامیان- غیرنظامیان امریکایی، با تأکید بر دوران ریاست ‌جمهوری ترامپ

فصلنامه سیاست
دوره 52، شماره 3، آذر 1401، صفحه 772-743    اصل مقاله (510.98 K)
نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی
شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22059/jpq.2023.347089.1007986
نویسنده
سعیده لطفیان*
استاد، گروه علوم سیاسی، دانشکده حقوق و علوم سیاسی، دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران
چکیده
هدف اصلی این پژوهش بررسی ماهیت رابطه فرماندهان نظامی با رهبران غیرنظامی امریکا به‌ویژه در دوران ریاست‌جمهوری ترامپ، و نیز چشم‌انداز تعامل آنها با توجه به سامان سیاسی و مردم‌سالاری است. احتمال بروز کودتای نظامی در کشورهای پیشرفته کم بوده، و در امریکا بعید است که فرماندهان نظامی در پنتاگون نقشه سرنگونی دولت را در سر بپرورانند. با این همه، بروز نشانه‌هایی از برجسته شدن نقش سیاسی نخبگان نظامی نگرانی‌های زیادی را درباره پیامدهای منفی این پیشامد برای مردم‌سالاری برانگیخت. پرسش‌های پژوهشی عبارت‌اند از: 1. تا چه حد نظامیان در امور سیاسی امریکا دخالت داشته‌اند؟ 2. چگونه و با چه پیامدهای سیاسی، روابط بین نظامیان و غیرنظامیان این کشور در دوران ریاست‌جمهوری ترامپ تغییر کرد؟ در فرضیه پژوهشی استدلال می‌شود که حرفه‌ای‌گرایی نظامی و نظارت غیرنظامیان مانع از مداخله نظامیان در سیاست در زمان بروز بحران‌های سیاسی می‌شود و به تقویت مردم‌سالاری کمک می‌کند. نخست، یافته‌های پژوهش‌های کارشناسان امریکایی در چارچوب مهم‌ترین نظریه‌های روابط نظامیان-غیرنظامیان بررسی شد. سپس با هدف واکاوی این روابط در دوره زمانی 2021-2016 با رویکردی تبیینی، به تجزیه‌وتحلیل محتوای مفهومی گزیده‌ای از توئیت‌ها و بیانیه‌های ترامپ و فرماندهان نظامی بلندپایه امریکایی درباره مهم‌ترین مسائل نظامی تنش‌زا پرداخته شد. یافته‌ها نشان داد که رهبران نظامی به‌دلیل ویژگی شخصیتی و شیوه حکمرانی تضعیف‌کننده مردم‌سالاری ترامپ- بارها در موقعیت دشواری قرار گرفتند و دریافتند که باید نقش برجسته‌تری را در تصمیم‌گیری درباره مسائل امنیت ملی در چارچوب قانون اساسی امریکا ایفا کنند، ولی به‌دنبال کسب برتری سیاسی نبودند.
کلیدواژه‌ها
پرتوریانیسم؛ حرفه‌ای‌گرایی نظامی؛ مداخله پنهانی؛ نظارت غیرنظامیان؛ نقش سیاسی نظامیان
سایر فایل های مرتبط با مقاله
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آمار
تعداد مشاهده مقاله: 292
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