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کانیشناسی خاکهای درجا توسعه یافته از هوازدگی بازالت در یک ردیف اقلیمی خشک-نیمهخشک-نیمهمرطوب البرز میانی | ||
تحقیقات آب و خاک ایران | ||
دوره 52، شماره 11، بهمن 1400، صفحه 2815-2828 اصل مقاله (1.99 M) | ||
نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22059/ijswr.2021.331623.669088 | ||
نویسندگان | ||
علیرضا راهب* 1؛ احمد حیدری2 | ||
1استادیار گروه علوم و مهندسی خاک دانشکده مهندسی و فناوری کشاورزی، پردیس کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی دانشگاه تهران-کرج | ||
2استاد گروه علوم و مهندسی خاک دانشکده مهندسی و فناوری کشاورزی، پردیس کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی دانشگاه تهران-کرج | ||
چکیده | ||
بازالتها از جمله سنگهای آذرین حاوی کانیهای حساس به هوازدگی هستند که محصولات هوازدگی آنها بهصورت کانیهای ثانویه و مواد محلول مختلف در آمده و خصوصیات کانیشناسی ویژهای ایجاد میکنند که به ندرت در سایر خاکها یافت میشوند. کانیهای رسی بخش مهمی از سیستم خاک را تشکیل میدهند و در حاصلخیزی، مدیریت و بهره وری پایدار خاک نقش دارند. هدف از این مطالعه بررسی تشکیل کانیهای رسی در خاکهای درجا تشکیل یافته از بازالت در سه اقلیم مختلف است. در این تحقیق ویژگیهای فیزیکی و شیمیایی خاکهای تشکیل شده بر روی سنگ مادر بازالت در 24 خاکرخ در یک ردیف اقلیمی در سه منطقه خشک، نیمهخشک و نیمه مرطوب البرز میانی مورد مطالعه قرار گرفت و سپس خصوصیات کانی شناسی در شش خاکرخ مطالعه شد. تحلیل پراشنگاشتهای اشعه X نشان داد که در خاکهای مناطق خشک ایلایت و در مناطق نیمهخشک و نیمهمرطوب اسمکتایت کانیهای غالب هستند. فرایندهای نوتشکیلی (رسوب از محلول) و تغییر شکل کانیها (به ویژه ایلایت) در تشکیل اسمکتایت خاکساخت در مناطق نیمهخشک و نیمهمرطوب نقش دارند. در خصوص ایلایت نیز، شواهد گویای منشا پدوژنیک آن در خاکهای مورد مطالعه میباشد. منشا ورمیکولایت در سه منطقه مورد مطالعه نیز تحت تاثیر هوادیدگی میکا و کلرایت بوده است. | ||
کلیدواژهها | ||
اسمکتایت؛ پراش نگاشت اشعه ایکس؛ خاکرخ؛ سنگهای آذرین | ||
مراجع | ||
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