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بهبود صفات پایداری و کندرهایی کود پلت کمپوست پسماندهای زیستی-کشاورزی با کمک پوشش زیستتجزیهپذیر | ||
تحقیقات آب و خاک ایران | ||
دوره 52، شماره 6 - شماره پیاپی 66، شهریور 1400، صفحه 1645-1660 اصل مقاله (1.59 M) | ||
نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22059/ijswr.2021.321411.668927 | ||
نویسندگان | ||
مرضیه قربانی1؛ محمد حسین کیان مهر* 2؛ احسان سرلکی3؛ رسول احراری4؛ بهزاد آزادگان5 | ||
1دانشجوی دکتری مهندسی مکانیک بیوسیستم، گروه مهندسی فنی کشاورزی، پردیس ابوریحان، دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران | ||
2گروه مهندسی فنی کشاورزی، پردیس ابوریحان، دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران | ||
3دانشجوی دکتری مهندسی مکانیک بیوسیستم، گروه مهندسی فنی کشاورزی، پردیس ابوریحان، دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران. | ||
4دانشآموخته کارشناسی ارشد مهندسی مکانیک بیوسیستم، گروه مهندسی فنی کشاورزی، پردیس ابوریحان، دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران | ||
5دانشیار، گروه مهندسی آبیاری و زهکشی، پردیس ابوریحان، دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران. | ||
چکیده | ||
امروزه استفاده از مواد پوششی زیستتجزیهپذیر بهدلیل بهبود تطابق آزادسازی مواد مغذی با نیاز غذایی گیاه و کاهش نگرانیهای زیستمحیطی به یک راهکار مؤثر برای تولید کودهای پلت با پایه زیستی تبدیل شده است. در این پژوهش، کمپوست سه پسماند زیستی شامل کود مرغی (40 درصد)، کود گاوی (30 درصد) و بقایای گیاهی (30 درصد) با رطوبت 40 درصد وزنی مخلوط و با دستگاه اکسترودر پیچی پلت شدند. اثر چهار ماده پوششدهنده زیستتجزیهپذیر (هیومیک اسید، روغن کانولا، نشاسته ذرت و نانوسیلیس) و سه روش پوششدهی (غوطهوری، پاششی و خلأ) بر پنج صفت پایداری پلت کمپوست شامل زمان وارفتگی، جذب آب، جذب رطوبت و زاویه تماس قطره آب از طریق آزمایش چندعاملی در قالب طرح کاملاً تصادفی با سه تکرار بررسی شدند. نتایج نشان داد که کود پلت کمپوست پوششدهی شده به روش خلأ-کانولا با زمان وارفتگی (1735 دقیقه)، جذب آب (6/57 درصد)، جذب رطوبت (3/4 درصد) و زاویه تماس (69 درجه) بهعنوان نمونه برتر این پژوهش انتخاب شد. این روش پوششدهی باعث افزایش36 برابری و کاهش 7/3، 7 و 6/1 برابری بهترتیب در زمان وارفتگی، جذب آب، جذب رطوبت و زاویه تماس نسبت به نمونه بدون پوششدهی شد. نرخ آزادسازی نیتروژن در محیط آب برای پلت کمپوست پوششدهی شده در زمان وارفتگی 25 درصد بود. همچنین، 75 درصد نیتروژن بهمدت 55 روز در محیط خاک آزادسازی شد که نرخ آزادسازی را بهمدت 45 روز نسبت به نمونه بدون پوششدهی بهبود بخشید. از نتایج این پژوهش میتوان نتیجه گرفت که کود پلت کمپوست پوششدهی شده به روش خلأ-کانولا با بهبود صفات پایداری، ماندگاری در آب و کاهش نرخ آزادسازی نیتروژن، میتواند عناصر غذایی را برای مدت زمان طولانیتری در اختیار گیاه قرار دهد. | ||
کلیدواژهها | ||
پایداری؛ کود پلت کمپوست با پایه زیستی - کشاورزی؛ پوشش زیستتجزیهپذیر؛ نیتروژن کندرهش؛ پوششدهی خلأ | ||
مراجع | ||
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