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ارزیابی شاخصهای کیفی خاک در رویشگاههای جنگلی تخریب و تبدیل شده به مرتع در غرب مازندران | ||
تحقیقات آب و خاک ایران | ||
دوره 52، شماره 3، خرداد 1400، صفحه 857-867 اصل مقاله (1003.8 K) | ||
نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22059/ijswr.2021.316154.668852 | ||
نویسندگان | ||
عاطفه شه پیری1؛ یحیی کوچ* 2؛ قاسمعلی دیانتی تیلکی3 | ||
1علوم و مهندسی مرتع، دانشکده منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه تربیت مدرس | ||
2گروه مرتعداری، دانشکده منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه تربیت مدرس | ||
3گروه مرتعداری، دانشکده منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه تربیت مدرس. | ||
چکیده | ||
تخریب رویشگاههای جنگلی و تغییر پوشش اراضی میتواند اثرات برجستهای در تغییرپذیری شاخصهای کیفی خاک داشته باشد. در پژوهش حاضر، مشخصههای مختلف خاک در رویشگاه جنگلی (تقریباً دستنخورده) با غالبیتZelkova carpinifolia، پوشش مرتعی با غالبیت Festuca ovina و تک درختانی از Zelkova carpinifolia و Ulmus minor ، پوشش مرتعی با غالبیت Dactylis glomerata و Thymus transcaspicus و پوشش مرتعی با غالبیت Stachys byzantina ، در منطقه زانوس بخش کجور استان مازندران، مورد بررسی قرار گرفت. بدین منظور، از هر یک از پوششهای اراضی تعداد 36 نمونه خاک (شامل 12 نمونه در فصول بهار، تابستان و پاییز) از عمق 10-0 سانتیمتری برداشت و به آزمایشگاه انتقال داده شد. نتایج حاکی از تغییرپذیری غالب ویژگیهای مورد مطالعه خاک در فصول مختلف سال تحت انواع پوششهای اراضی میباشند. بر مبنای تجزیه به مولفههای اصلی (PCA)، مقادیر بالاتر رس، ماکرو و میکروخاکدانه، واکنش (pH)، نیتروژن کل، مقدار نیتروژن در ماکرو و میکروخاکدانههای خاک منجربه افزایش فعالیتهای بیوشیمیایی و میکروبی (آمونیوم، نیترات، سهم میکروبی کربن، معدنیشدن نیتروژن) خاک تحت پوشش اراضی Zelkova و Festuca شده است. در حالی که پوششهای اراضی Stachys و Dactylis با دارا بودن مقادیر بزرگتر شن و مقدار کربن در ماکرو و میکروخاکدانههای خاک، دارای کمترین فعالیتهای بیوشیمیایی و میکروبی خاک بودهاند. با توجه به نتایج این پژوهش میتوان اذعان داشت، که حضور پوششهای درختی (آزاد و اوجا) در رویشگاهها میتواند شرایط مناسبتر و بازدهی بیشتری برای عملکرد خاک فراهم نماید، که این موضوع میتواند جهت احیای اراضی تخریبیافته مورد توجه مدیران قرار گیرد. | ||
کلیدواژهها | ||
منطقه کوهستانی؛ درخت آزاد؛ رویشگاههای مرتعی؛ پویایی فصلی؛ معدنیشدن کربن و نیتروژن خاک | ||
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