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بررسی حاصلخیزی اراضی شالیزاری با استفاده از شاخص تلفیقی باروری خاک | ||
تحقیقات آب و خاک ایران | ||
مقاله 12، دوره 51، شماره 5، مرداد 1399، صفحه 1211-1226 اصل مقاله (1.07 M) | ||
نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22059/ijswr.2020.290244.668340 | ||
نویسندگان | ||
مریم شکوری1؛ شهرام محمود سلطانی* 2؛ محمد تقی کربلایی آق ملکی3؛ محمود شعبانپور شهرستانی4؛ علی پورصفرطبالوندانی5 | ||
1کارشناس ارشد آزمایشگاه، مؤسسه تحقیقات برنج کشور، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، رشت، ایران | ||
2استادیار مؤسسه تحقیقات برنج کشور، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، رشت، ایران | ||
3استادیار مؤسسه تحقیقات برنج کشور، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، آمل، ایران | ||
4دانشیار گروه خاکشناسى، دانشکده کشاورزى، دانشگاه گیلان، رشت،ایران | ||
5مؤسسه تحقیقات برنج کشور، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، آمل، ایران | ||
چکیده | ||
افزایش جمعیت و تقاضای مواد غذایی نیازمند نگرش جدی به افزایش بهرهوری زمینهای کشاورزی است. در این ارتباط مناسبترین روش، افزایش عملکرد در واحد سطح میباشد. یکی از روشهای افزایش عملکرد، افزایش حاصلخیزی خاکهای کشاورزی است. شاخصهای تلفیقی زیادی وجود دارند که میتوانند شرایط حاصلخیزی خاک را بهخوبی نشان دهند، از جمله آنها شاخص تلفیقی باروری خاک (IFI)است. مهمترین هدف در این تحقیق ارزیابی وضعیت حاصلخیزی خاک با استفاده از IFI و ارائه راهکارهای مناسب برای مدیریت خاک میباشد. در این راستا 128 نمونه مرکب خاک از مزرعه پژوهشی ایستگاه گلدشت (شهرستان آمل-مازندران) برای اندازهگیری برخی از ویژگیهای مهم فیزیکی و شیمیایی موثر بر کیفیت خاک تهیه گردید. سپس از منطق فازی برای رتبهبندی کیفی ویژگیهای خاک، از تجزیه به مولفه اصلی برای وزندهی این ویژگیها و در نهایت با استفاده از مفهوم شاخص تلفیقی باروری، تلفیق ویژگیهای مورد بررسی، انجام شد. نتایج نشان میدهد که مقدار شاخص تلفیقی باروری در این اراضی از 03/0 تا 20/0 در نوسان است. با استفاده از نقشههای شاخص تلفیقی، باروری مزرعه مورد نظر به چهار گروه تقسیم گردید. در مقادیر پایین شاخص تلفیقی باروری (کیفیت حاصلخیزی پایین) pH، فسفر قابل استفاده، کربنآلی و به دنبال آن نیتروژن کل کمتر از حدود بحرانی آنها برای رشد برنج است و در مقادیر بالای شاخص تلفیقی باروری، محدودیت کربنآلی و نیتروژن کل وجود دارد. کمبود کربن آلی در کل کرتهای مورد بررسی میتواند بر حاصلخیزی خاک (نقش حیاتی در نگهداری و آزادسازی عناصر غذایی) و خصوصیات فیزیکی خاک (بهبود ساختمان خاک، تخلخل، نگهداری آب) ثاثیر انکارناپذیر دارد. یافتههای ما نشان میدهد که استفاده از شاخصهای تلفیقی خاک، علاوه بر نشان دادن محدودیتهای موثر بر کشت محصول زراعی میتواند با ترکیب تمام خصوصیتهای موثر بر رشدگیاه، نمای بهتری از مدیریت تغذیه در اراضی شالیزاری ارائه کند. | ||
کلیدواژهها | ||
برنج؛ حاصلخیزی خاک؛ شاخص تلفیقی باروری خاک؛ منطق فازی؛ زمین آمار | ||
مراجع | ||
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