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مقایسهای بین مدلهای تجربی و فرکتالی در برازش به دادههای اندازهگیری شده منحنی مشخصه رطوبتی خاک | ||
تحقیقات آب و خاک ایران | ||
مقاله 7، دوره 50، شماره 4، شهریور 1398، صفحه 862-847 اصل مقاله (1.27 M) | ||
نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22059/ijswr.2018.263412.667986 | ||
نویسندگان | ||
مسعود داوری* ؛ زیبا ذالوایی؛ محمد علی محمودی | ||
گروه علوم و مهندسی خاک، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه کردستان، سنندج، ایران | ||
چکیده | ||
منحنی مشخصه رطوبتی خاک (SMCC) یکی از مهمترین ویژگیهای هیدرولیکی خاک در مدلسازی جریان آب و املاح در ناحیه غیراشباع بوده که اندازهگیری مستقیم آن دشوار، زمانبر و پرهزینه است. بنابراین هدف از این پژوهش، ارزیابی عملکرد برخی از مدلهای فرکتالی تخمین SMCC همچون Tyler and Wheatcraft (1990)، Rieu and Sposito (1991)، Perfect (1999) وBird et al. (2000) و مقایسه آن با برخی از مدلهای تجربی همچون Brooks and Corey (1964)، Campbell (1974) و van Genuchten (1980) میباشد. بدین منظور، 54 نمونه خاک از اراضی زراعی واقع در دشت قروه-دهگلان بهصورت تصادفی جمعآوری شده و برخی از ویژگیهای فیزیکی و شیمیایی آنها در آزمایشگاه تعیین گردید. سپس این مدلهای فرکتالی و تجربی تخمین SMCC، به روش حداقل مربعات خطا و با استفاده از جعبه ابزار Solver در نرمافزار EXCEL، بر دادههای اندازهگیری شده پتانسیل ماتریک و رطوبت حجمی برازش داده شدند. برای ارزیابی کارایی این مدلها از آمارههای ضریب تبیین (R2)، جذر میانگین مربعات خطا (RMSE) و معیار آکائیک (AIC) استفاده شد. نتایج نشان داد همهی مدلهای مورد مطالعه در تخمین SMCC دارای عملکردی مطلوب میباشند (دارای R2ی بین 75/0 تا 99/0). با توجه به مقادیر R2 بیشتر و RMSE و آماره AIC کمتر، به ترتیب مدلهای Bird et al. (2000) و van Genuchten (1980) بهعنوان مناسبترین مدلها در تخمین منحنی مشخصه رطوبتی خاکهای منطقه موردمطالعه پیشنهاد شدند. نتایج همچنین نشان داد مدل Rieu and Sposito (1991) در برآورد SMCC دارای ضعیفترین عملکرد میباشد. هر چند باید در نظر داشت که میانگین R2 و RMSE آن نیز به ترتیب بیشتر از 75/0 و کمتر از cm3/cm3 071/0 است. | ||
کلیدواژهها | ||
دشت قروه –دهگلان؛ کیفیت برازش؛ مدل فرکتالی؛ منحنی مشخصه رطوبتی خاک | ||
مراجع | ||
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