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اثر نظام های مختلف کوددهی (زیستی و نانو زیستی) بر رشد، غلظت عناصر، عملکرد پیکره رویشی و اسانس رزماری (Rosmarinus officinalis L.) تحت تنش خشکی | ||
علوم گیاهان زراعی ایران | ||
مقاله 6، دوره 49، شماره 4، اسفند 1397، صفحه 67-86 اصل مقاله (972.04 K) | ||
نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22059/ijfcs.2018.234393.654329 | ||
نویسندگان | ||
رقیه محمدپوروشوایی* 1؛ احمد قنبری2؛ براتعلی فاخری3؛ محمود رمرودی4 | ||
1دانشگاه زابل- دانشجو | ||
2هیأت علمی دانشگاه زابل | ||
3معاون پژوهشی پژوهشگاه دانشگاه زابل | ||
4دانشیار زراعت، گروه زراعت، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه زابل | ||
چکیده | ||
آزمایشی در سالهای 1393-1395 بهصورت کرتهای یکبار خرد شده در قالب طرح بلوکهای کامل تصادفی در سه تکرار در پژوهشکده کشاورزی دانشگاه زابل اجرا شد. تنش خشکی در چهار سطح شامل 30، 50، 70 و 90 درصد آب قابل دسترس گیاه بهعنوان عامل اصلی و کود در چهار سطح شامل نانوبیومیک، نیتروکسین، میکوریزا و عدم کاربرد کود بهعنوان عامل فرعی در نظر گرفته شد. اثر متقابل سال، تنش خشکی و کود برای کلیه صفات مورد بررسی معنادار شد. در تیمار آبیاری با 90 درصد رطوبت قابل دسترس و کود نانوبیومیک در سال دوم، بیشترین ارتفاع بوته (75/37 سانتیمتر)، تعداد شاخه در بوته (01/47 شاخه)، وزن تر و خشک شاخ و برگ (بهترتیب60/86 و 82/31 گرم در بوته)، عملکرد پیکره رویشی (38/1750 کیلوگرم در هکتار)، درصد نیتروژن و فسفر برگ (35/13 و 742/0 درصد) بهدست آمد. بالاترین درصد پتاسیم برگ (07/7 درصد)، درصد اسانس (575/1 درصد) و عملکرد اسانس (22/31 و 93/1716 گرم در بوته/کیلوگرم در هکتار) به تیمار آبیاری با 30 درصد رطوبت قابل دسترس و کود نانوبیومیک در سال دوم تعلق داشت. ترکیبات 1، 8 سینئول، -ترپینئول و لیمونن مهمترین ترکیبات اسانس گیاه رزماری بودند. تنش خشکی موجب تغییر و کودهای نانوزیستی و زیستی موجب افزایش ترکیبات اسانس رزماری شدند. کود نانوبیومیک نسبت به سایر کودهای زیستی، توانست تنش خشکی را بهتر تعدیل نماید و موجب بهبود رشد، عملکرد پیکره رویشی و اسانس و ترکیبات اسانس رزماری شود. بنابراین، در راستای نیل به اهداف کشاورزی پایدار استفاده از آن جهت بهبود ویژگیهای زراعی و بیوشیمیایی رزماری توصیه میگردد. | ||
کلیدواژهها | ||
اکلیل کوهی؛ بیومیک؛ تنش کمآبی؛ روغن فرار | ||
مراجع | ||
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