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تأثیر مؤلفه های اقتصاد دانش بر کارآفرینی در کشورهای منتخب | ||
| فصلنامه تحقیقات اقتصادی | ||
| مقاله 4، دوره 53، شماره 2 - شماره پیاپی 123، تیر 1397، صفحه 323-344 اصل مقاله (192.59 K) | ||
| نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22059/jte.2017.235216.1007617 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| حسین راغفر1؛ ابوالفضل شاه آبادی2؛ سمیرا علیزاده* 3 | ||
| 1دانشیار، دانشکده‌ی علوم اجتماعی و اقتصاد، دانشگاه الزهرا | ||
| 2استاد، دانشکده‌ی علوم اجتماعی و اقتصاد، دانشگاه بوعلی سینا، | ||
| 3کارشناس ارشد اقتصاد، دانشگاه الزهرا | ||
| چکیده | ||
| از دیرباز همواره کشورهای جهان به‌دنبال یافتن راهکاری برای رسیدن به رشد و توسعه‌ی اقتصادی بوده‌اند تا بتوانند از آن طریق به ثروت، رفاه و مطلوبیت بیشتر دست یابند. اقتصاددانان، کارآفرینی را از مهم‌ترین این راهکارها میدانند که امروزه مورد توجه بسیاری از کشورها قرار گرفته است. در این میان اقتصاد دانشبنیان یکی از مهم‌ترین ابزارهایی است که با بسط کارآفرینی منجر به رشد و توسعه‌ی اقتصادی میشود. هدف پژوهش حاضر بررسی تأثیر مؤلفههای اقتصاد دانشبنیان در چارچوب تعریف بانک جهانی (آموزش و منابع انسانی، نظام نوآوری، فناوری اطلاعات و ارتباطات، رژیمهای اقتصادی و نهادی) بر کارآفرینی نوپا در گروهی از کشورهای منبع‌محور (10 کشور از جمله ایران) و نوآوری‌محور (18کشور) با استفاده از تکنیکپانلدیتاوبهروشگشتاورهایتعمیمیافته (GMM) طی دوره‌ی زمانی 2015-2008 است. نتایج پژوهش نشان میدهد که در کشورهای منبع محور، تمام مؤلفههای اقتصاد دانشبنیان به غیر از متغیر فناوری اطلاعات و ارتباطات اثری مثبت و معنادار بر کارآفرینی طی دوره مورد مطالعه دارند. درکشورهای نوآوری‌محور نیز تمام مؤلفههای اقتصاد دانشبنیان تأثیر مثبت و معناداری بر کارآفرینی داشتهاند. طبقه بندی C23, O15, I25 :JEL | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها | ||
| اقتصاد دانشبنیان؛ کارآفرینی؛ روش GMM | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| The Effects of Knowledge-Based Economy's Components on Entrepreneurship in a Group of Selected Countries | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| Hossein Raghfar1؛ Abolfazl Shahabadi2؛ Samira Alizadeh3 | ||
| 1Associate Professor, Economics Department, Al-Zahra University | ||
| 2Professor, Economics Department, Bu-Ali Sina University | ||
| 3M.A. of Economics, Al-Zahra University | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| Many countries in the world have long been trying to find a solution that would allow them to achieve economic growth and development through which more wealth, prosperity and utility can be achieved. Economists consider entrepreneurship the most important solution, which has recently attracted the attention of many countries. Knowledge-based economy is one of the most important tools resulting in economic growth and development by enhancing entrepreneurship. The aim of the current study is to investigate the effects of knowledge-based economy’s components, based on the definition provided by the World Bank (training and human resource, innovation system, information and communication technology (ICT), and economic and institutional regimes) on newly-developed entrepreneurship in 10 resource-driven countries (including Iran) and 18 innovation-driven countries. This study has been conducted using panel data techniques and generalized method of moments (GMM) during the time span extending from 2008 to 2015. The findings of the study show that for the resource-driven countries, all of the components of knowledge-based economy, except the ICT variable, have significant positive effects on entrepreneurship. In the innovation-driven countries, all of the components of knowledge-based economy have had significant positive effects on entrepreneurship. JEL Classification: I25, O15, C23 | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها [English] | ||
| Knowledge-based Economy, Entrepreneurship, GMM | ||
| مراجع | ||
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