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ارزیابی زیست دسترسپذیری، تحرک و فرمهای شیمیایی فلزات سنگین در رسوبات لایروبیشده از تالاب انزلی | ||
محیط شناسی | ||
مقاله 13، دوره 41، شماره 3، مهر 1394، صفحه 665-679 اصل مقاله (1.37 M) | ||
نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22059/jes.2015.55904 | ||
نویسندگان | ||
پروین برنجکار* 1؛ محسن سعیدی2 | ||
1کارشناس ارشد مهندسی عمران- مهندسی محیطزیست، دانشگاه علم و صنعت ایران | ||
2دانشیار گروه مهندسی عمران، دانشگاه علم و صنعت ایران | ||
چکیده | ||
آلایندههای بسیاری از جمله فلزات سنگین از راههای مختلف به محیطهای آبی وارد و از طریق رسوبات جذب میشوند. لایروبی رسوبات و انباشت آنها در خشکی، سبب میشود تا فلزات با قرارگرفتن در معرض هوا، آزاد و در فرمهای قابل دسترس ظاهر شوند. فرمهای شیمیایی فلزات سنگین در رسوبات لایروبیشدۀ تالاب انزلی از طریق تفکیک شیمیایی تعیین شد. برای ارزیابی دسترسی زیستی فلزات، آزمایشهای دسترسی گیاهی CaCl2 و EDTA و آزمون شبیهسازی شرایط شکمی انسان (SBET) صورت گرفت. به علت وجود احتمال نشت فلزات به آبهای زیرزمینی یا ورود مجدد آنها به تالاب، آزمونهای تعیین ویژگی سمیت (TCLP) و شبیهساز باران (SPLP) انجام گرفتند. برای تفسیر نتایج تفکیک شیمیایی و آزمونهای دسترسی زیستی از شاخصهای mRAC و BRAI استفاده شد. سرب و کادمیوم بیش از فلزات دیگر در فازهای قابل دسترس بودند. شاخصها نشان دادند که سطح خطر آثار متوسط و خطر قابلیت دسترسی فلزات برای گیاهان و انسان به ترتیب در حد متوسط و بسیار زیاد است. غلظت فلزات در شیرابۀ آزمون TCLP کمتر از حدود سمیت بود، یعنی رسوبات قابلیت استفادۀ مجدد را دارند. انباشت رسوبات لایروبیشده از تالاب انزلی، بدون اتخاذ روش مدیریتی مناسب میتواند آثار نامطلوبی در محیطزیست و موجودات بر جای گذارد. | ||
کلیدواژهها | ||
تالاب انزلی؛ رسوبات لایروبیشده؛ زیست دسترسپذیری؛ فلزات سنگین؛ قابلیت حرکت | ||
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