واکاوی تجارب روانی– اجتماعی داوران ورزشی: مطالعة پدیدارشناسی

شهابی کاسب, محمد رضا; محمد پور, شیما; زیدآبادی, رسول; عسکری تبار, انسیه سادات

doi:10.22059/jsmdl.2024.381899.1797

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	واکاوی تجارب روانی– اجتماعی داوران ورزشی: مطالعة پدیدارشناسی
رشد و یادگیری حرکتی ورزشی
دوره 17، شماره 3، مهر 1404، صفحه 57-77 اصل مقاله (523.68 K)
نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی Released under CC BY-NC 4.0 license I Open Access I
شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22059/jsmdl.2024.381899.1797
نویسندگان
محمد رضا شهابی کاسب^* ¹؛ شیما محمد پور²؛ رسول زیدآبادی³؛ انسیه سادات عسکری تبار⁴
¹گروه رفتار حرکتی ، دانشکده علوم ورزشی، دانشگاه حکیم سبزواری ، سبزوار، ایران.
²گروه رفتار حرکتی، دانشکده علوم ورزشی، دانشگاه حکیم سبزواری، سبزوار، ایران .
³گروه رفتار حرکتی، دانشکده علوم ورزشی، دانشگاه حکیم سبزواری، سبزوار، ایران.
⁴گروه رفتار حرکتی ، دانشکده علوم ورزشی ، دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد ، مشهد، ایران.
چکیده
مقدمه:داوران ورزشی در دوران شغلی خودشان تحت تأثیر عوامل مختلف درونی و بیرونی قرار می‌گیرند و تجارب زیستة متفاوت و متنوعی دارند که می‌تواند بر عملکرد آنها تأثیرگذار باشد. از این‌رو هدف از پژوهش حاضر، بررسی تجارب روانی – اجتماعی داوران ورزشی بود. روش پژوهش: به لحاظ روش‌شناختی، این پژوهش در دامنۀ مطالعات کیفی از نوع پدیدارشناسی قرار می‌گیرد. شرکت‌کنندگان در پژوهش داوران زن و مرد در رشته‌های تیمی ورزشی مختلف در سال 1400- 1401 بودند که سابقة حداقل سه سال قضاوت در لیگ‌های استانی تا لیگ‌ها حرفه‌ای کشور را داشتند. شرکت‌کنندگان در پژوهش به‌صورت نمونه‌گیری هدفمند انتخاب شدند. نمونه‌گیری تا مرحلة رسیدن به اشباع ادامه یافت و در نهایت 20 داور از رشته‌های مختلف در پژوهش شرکت داشتند. ابزار پژوهش، مصاحبة نیمه‌ساختاریافته بود. برای تجزیه‌وتحلیل داده‌های کیفی از روش هفت‌مرحله‌ای کُلایزی استفاده شد. همچنین برای عدم سوگیری و همگرایی از چندسویه‌سازی (داده‌ها، محقق) استفاده شد. یافته‌ها: بر اساس تحلیل یافته‌های پژوهش حاضر سه مضمون اصلی مربوط به تجارب خوشایند شامل راهبردهای مقابله‌ای مسئله‌مدار، به‌کارگیری مهارت‌های روانی و تاب‌آوری /سرسختی ذهنی، و سه مضمون اصلی مربوط به تجارب ناخوشایند شامل استرس شغلی، اضطراب شناختی و افسردگی به‌دست آمد. نتیجه‌گیری: نتایج نشان داد که شغل داوری آثار خوشایند و ناخوشایندی روانی و اجتماعی بر روی داوران ایرانی داشته است. از این‌رو آگاهی و درک متقابل از این تجارب می‌تواند زمینه‌ساز تصمیم‌گیری‌های لازم توسط مدیران و مسئولان ورزشی کشور باشد.
کلیدواژه‌ها
پدیدار شناسی؛ تجارب زیسته؛ داور؛ ورزش

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واکاوی تجارب روانی– اجتماعی داوران ورزشی: مطالعة پدیدارشناسی