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بررسی عوامل محیطی ﻣﺆثر بر کمیت و کیفیت شیر تولیدی بزسانن در شهرکرد | ||
علوم دامی ایران | ||
دوره 55، شماره 4، دی 1403، صفحه 787-802 اصل مقاله (2.02 M) | ||
نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22059/ijas.2024.368143.653974 | ||
نویسندگان | ||
ابراهیم اسدی خشویی* 1؛ سید رضا میرائی آشتیانی2؛ مریم السادات حسینی3 | ||
1گروه مهندسی علوم دامی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه شهرکرد، شهرکرد، ایران. | ||
2گروه مهندسی علوم دامی، پردیس کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی دانشگاه تهران، دانشگاه تهران، کرج، ایران | ||
3گروه مهندسی علوم دامی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه شهرکرد، شهرکرد، ایران | ||
چکیده | ||
صفات تولید شیر در بزها به طور بالقوه تحت تأثیر عوامل مختلف ژنتیکی و غیر ژنتیکی است و بنابر این علاوه بر شناخت عوامل ژنتیکی، آگاهی از تأثیر عوامل غیر ژنتیکی برای مدیریت کارآمد و برآورد دقیق ارزشهای اصلاحی صفات مورد نظر ضروری است. به منظور بررسی اثر عوامل محیطی بر شیر تولیدی بزهای سانن و ترکیبات آن در شرایط آب و هوایی شهرکرد، از اطلاعات جمع آوری شده در ایستگاه تحقیقات پرورش دام دانشگاه شهرکرد طی مدت 7 سال (1381 تا 1388) بهره گیری شد. مجموعه دادهها با استفاده از مدل مختلط طبق اندازه گیری های مکرر برای عوامل ثابت سال، ماه، نوع، نوبت زایش، هفته شیردهی و اثر تصادفی بز تجزیه واریانس شدند. کلیه عوامل ثابت بر صفات شیر تولیدی روزانه و درصد چربی اثر معنیدار داشتند (01/0(p<. همچنین، عامل ماه زایش بر درصد پروتئین و مواد جامد بدون چربی اثر معنیدار نداشتند (05/0(p>. عامل نوبت زایش بر همه صفات شیر تولیدی تاثیر معنی دار داشت(01/0(p<. بالاترین تولید شیر روزانه مربوط به بزهای زایش کرده در بهمن ماه (17/0±59/2 کیلوگرم)، بزهای دوقلوزا (16/0±06/2 کیلوگرم) و نوبت زایش پنجم (22/0±54/2 کیلوگرم) بود. درصد چربی، لاکتوز و مواد جامد بدون چربی به طور قابل توجهی با سپری شدن مرحله شیردهی افزایش داشتند. درصد پروتئین از اوایل تا اواسط شیردهی کاهش یافت. بعنوان نتیجه گیری نهایی، توجه به عوامل غیر ژنتیکی شناخته شده برای افزایش کارایی انتخاب، تعریف شیوههای مدیریتی مناسب و تضمین سطح پایدار تولید در بزهای شیرده سانن در شرایط اقلیمی شهرکرد ضروری است. | ||
کلیدواژهها | ||
تولید شیر؛ ترکیبات شیر؛ عوامل محیطی؛ مرحله شیردهی؛ نژاد سانن | ||
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