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بررسی پدیدارنگاری حمایت اجتماعی در زنان سرپرست خانوار | ||
زن در توسعه و سیاست | ||
مقاله 8، دوره 22، شماره 2، تیر 1403، صفحه 487-509 اصل مقاله (648.62 K) | ||
نوع مقاله: پژوهشی | ||
شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22059/jwdp.2024.364022.1008371 | ||
نویسندگان | ||
سحر تبریزی1؛ غلامرضا تبریزی کاهو* 2؛ ملیحه برومند محمودآبادی3 | ||
1کارشناس ارشد پژوهش هنر، دانشکدۀ هنر، دانشگاه تربیت مدرس، تهران، ایران. | ||
2استادیار گروه مشاوره، دانشکدۀ روانشناسی، دانشگاه عطار، مشهد، ایران. | ||
3کارشناس ارشد مشاوره، دانشکدۀ روانشناسی، دانشگاه حکمت رضوی، مشهد، ایران. | ||
چکیده | ||
امروزه تعداد زنان سرپرست خانوار درحالافزایش است و وفاق عمومی آن است تا از آنان حمایت شود. هدف این پژوهش پدیدارنگاری واکاوی تجربۀ حمایتهای اجتماعی از آنان است. با ۲۱ زن سرپرست خانوار شهر مشهد در سال ۱۴۰۰ مصاحبهای نیمهساختارمند انجام گرفت. سپس دادهها با نرمافزار MAXQDA تحلیل شدند. نتایج حاکی از آن است که حمایتهایی که از زنان سرپرست خانوار انجام میشود از سه منبع خانواده، دوستان و سازمانهای دولتی صورت میگیرد. حمایتهای خانواده غالباً عاطفی و اقتصادی است. دوستان و آشنایان به حمایتهای عاطفی، اقتصادی و ابزاری میپردازند و نهادها و سازمانهای دولتی اولویت خود را در حمایت و پشتیبانی مالی قرار میدهند. اما چنانچه این حمایتها که اغلب در قالب وامهای کمبهره است با سیاستهای فقرزدایی همراه نشود، به بازتولید فقر دامن میزند. زنان بیوه ابتدا نیازمند حمایت عاطفی و به مرور نیازهای مالی، ابزاری و اطلاعاتی هستند. زنان مطلقه نخست به حمایت عاطفی نیازمندند و سپس نیاز اقتصادی دارند. زنان مجرد نیز به استقلال مالی، ابزاری، اطلاعاتی و عاطفی نیاز دارند. فضای زیستۀ همگی این زنان بر بیاعتمادی بهویژه به مردان بنا شده است؛ بنابراین همنوایی و کنارهجویی، محورهای اصلی پیوندهای اجتماعی آنان است. نتایج نشان داد زنان سرپرست خانوار با چالشهای متعددی در زیست خانوادگی و اجتماعی خود مواجه هستند که نیازمند حمایتاند. بااینحال نحوۀ ارائۀ این حمایتها نیازمند توجه سیاستگذاران برای کاهش آسیبهای اجتماعی و ممانعت از تبدیلشدن آن به یک مسئلۀ اجتماعی برای آنان است. | ||
کلیدواژهها | ||
ادراک؛ پدیدارنگاری؛ حمایت اجتماعی؛ زنان سرپرست خانوار | ||
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مراجع | ||
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