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بررسی و ارزیابی سطح کیفیت پارامترهای فیزیکوشیمیایی پساب تصفیه شدة فاضلاب جزیره کیش در جهت آبیاری فضای سبز | ||
اکوهیدرولوژی | ||
مقاله 6، دوره 11، شماره 1، فروردین 1403، صفحه 85-104 اصل مقاله (1.15 M) | ||
نوع مقاله: پژوهشی | ||
شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22059/ije.2024.370158.1785 | ||
نویسندگان | ||
محمود بهروزی1؛ احمد نوحه گر* 2؛ پانیسا حسن زاده3 | ||
1پژوهشکده علوم دریایی دانشگاه تهران | ||
2استادگروه آموزش، برنامه ریزی و مدیریت محیط زیست، دانشکده محیط زیست، دانشگاه، تهران | ||
3مهندسی سوانح، آموزش و سیستم های محیط زیست، دانشکده محیط زیست دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران | ||
چکیده | ||
در این مطالعه کیفیت پساب تصفیه شدة جزیره کیش که منبع اصلی آبیاری فضای شهری کیش است، ارزیابی شد. ابتدا از 12 نقطة ذخیره آب نمونهبرداری و به آزمایشگاه آب و فاضلاب دانشگاه تهران منتقل شد و پارامترهای فیزیکوشیمیایی آب شامل قلیائیت (pH)، هدایت الکتریکی (EC)، نیاز بیوشیمیایی اکسیژن (BOD)، نیاز شیمیایی اکسیژن (COD)، کل جامدات معلق (TSS)، مواد جامد محلول (TDS)، نسبت جذب سدیم (SAR)، فسفات و نیترات، منیزیوم، کلسیم و سدیم اندازهگیری شد. نتایج نشان داد که در مخازن، آب حالت قلیائی دارد و EC آن بین 2/0 تا 9/1 است که کمتر از حد استاندارد میباشد؛ از 12 مخزن آب، 7 مخزن شامل پارک مرجان، هنگام، استخر کاکتوس، استخر مرکز همایشها، استخر ایران، باغ راه و استخر پارک گلستان غلظت BOD بیشتر از حد استاندارد است که یک خطر زیستی برای محیطزیست محسوب میشود. در 7 نقطه غلظت TSS بیشتر از حد استاندارد است که شامل پارک مرجان، پارک هنگام، استخر کاکتوس، مرکز همایشها، استخر ایران، باغ راه و پارک گلستان است. بر اساس استانداردهای جهانی، میزان فسفات در مخازن آب مصرفی کیش زیاد بوده و مستلزم مدیریت آن بهویژه در تصفیه خانههای فاضلاب است. بیشترین SAR در مرکز همایشها، تصفیه خانه شمال و پارک گلستان بود، اما میزان آن در پاویون، پارک مرجان، سیمرغ و کاکتوس کمتر از 4 بوده و بیانگر مطلوبیت آن برای آبیاری است؛ اما مخازن مرکز همایشها و تصفیهخانه شمال مستلزم مدیریت بیشتری است، چونکه استفاده دراز مدت از این پساب، میتواند منجر به شور شدن خاک جزیره کیش شود. | ||
کلیدواژهها | ||
آبیاری؛ فضای سبز؛ نسبت جذب سدیم؛ کیش | ||
اصل مقاله | ||
[1] Anjum, M. S., Ali, S. M., Subhani, M. A., Anwar, M. N., Nizami, A. S., Ashraf, U., & Khokhar,
critical review. Journal of Hazardous Materials, 2021, 402, 123943. [2] Shoushtarian, F., & Negahban-Azar, M. Worldwide regulations and guidelines for agricultural water reuse: a critical review. Water, 2020, 12(4), 971. [3] Jiménez, B. Irrigation in developing countries using wastewater. International Review for Environmental Strategies, 2006, 6(2), 229-250. [4] Qadir, M., Wichelns, D., Raschid-Sally, L., McCornick, P. G., Drechsel, P., Bahri, A., & Minhas,
management, 2010, 97(4), 561-568. [5] Tahir, M. B., Tufail, S., Ahmad, A., Rafique, M., Iqbal, T., Abrar, M.,... & Ijaz, M. Semiconductor nanomaterials for the detoxification of dyes in real wastewater under visible-light photocatalysis. International Journal of environmental analytical chemistry, 2021, 101(12), 1735-1749. [6] Karimidastenaei, Z., Avellán, T., Sadegh, M., Kløve, B., & Haghighi, A. T. Unconventional water resources: Global opportunities and challenges. Science of the Total Environment, 2022, 827, 154429. [7] Aiello, R., Cirelli, G. L., & Consoli, S. Effects of reclaimed wastewater irrigation on soil and tomato fruits: a case study in Sicily (Italy). Agricultural water management, 2023, .72-65 ,)2-1(93 [8] Rebhun, M. Desalination of reclaimed wastewater to prevent salinization of soils and groundwater. Desalination, 2004, 160(2), 143-149. [9] Anderson, J. The environmental benefits of water recycling and reuse. Water Science and Technology: Water Supply, 2003, 3(4), 1-10. [10] Angelakis, A. N., & Gikas, P. Water reuse: Overview of current practices and trends in the world with emphasis on EU states. Water Utility Journal, 2014, 8(67), e78. [11] Exall, K. A review of water reuse and recycling, with reference to Canadian practice and potential: 2. Applications. Water Quality Research Journal, 2004, 39(1), 13-28. [12] Sato, T., Qadir, M., Yamamoto, S., Endo, T., & Zahoor, A. Global, regional, and country level need for data on wastewater generation, treatment, and use. Agricultural Water Management, 2013, 130, 1-13. [13] Feigin, I. Ravina and J. Shalhevet, Berlin: Springer-Verlag, pp. 224, DM 228.00, ISBN 3-540- 50804-X. Experimental Agriculture, 1991, 28(2), 241-241. [14] Oliveira, G. A., Colares, G. S., Lutterbeck, C. A., Dell’Osbel, N., Machado, Ê. L., & Rodrigues,
alternative. Science of The Total Environment, 2021, 773, 145609. [15] Tanji, K., Grattan, S., Grieve, C., Harivandi, A., Rollins, L., Shaw, D., & Wu, L. Salt management guide for landscape irrigation with recycled water in coastal Southern California. A Comprehensive Literature Review. University of California–Davis, USA, 2015. [16] CWRS (Centre for Water Resources Studies) Reuse of renovated municipal wastewater for golf course irrigation. Prepared for PEI Department of Technology and Environment. CWRS Internal Report No. 1999, 99–11. Dalhousie University, Halifax. [17] Bixio, D., Thoeye, C., De Koning, J., Joksimovic, D., Savic, D., Wintgens, T., & Melin, T. Wastewater reuse in Europe. Desalination, 2006, 187(1-3), 89-101. [18] Sakadevan, K., Maheshwari, B. L., & Bavor, H. J. Availability of nitrogen and phosphorus under recycled water irrigation. Soil Research, 2000, 38(3), 653-664. [19] Toze, S. Reuse of effluent water—benefits and risks. Agricultural water management, 2000, .159-147 ,)3-1(80 [20] Greenway, M. The role of constructed wetlands in secondary effluent treatment and water reuse in subtropical and arid Australia. Ecological engineering, 2005, .509-501 ,)5(25 [21] Sala, L., & Mujeriego, R. Cultural eutrophication control through water reuse. Water science and technology, 2001, 43(10), 109-116. [22] Fasciolo, G. E., Meca, M. I., Gabriel, E., & Morabito, J. Effects on crops of irrigation with treated municipal wastewaters. Water science and technology, 2002, 45(1), 133-138. [23] Vazquez-Montiel, O., Horan, N. J., & Mara, D. D. Management of domestic wastewater for reuse in irrigation. Water Science and Technology, 1996, 33(10-11), 355-362. [24] Sala, L., & Mujeriego, R. Cultural eutrophication control through water reuse. Water science and technology, 2001, 43(10), 109-116. [25] Rahman MM, Hagare D, Maheshwari B. Bayesian Belief Network analysis of soil salinity in a periurban agricultural field irrigated with recycled water. Agric Water Manag, 2016. [26] Silva, T. L., Morales-Torres, S., Castro-Silva, S., Figueiredo, J. L., & Silva, A. M. An overview on exploration and environmental impact of unconventional gas sources and treatment options for produced water. Journal of environmental management, 2017, 200, 511-529. [27] Goswami, R. K., Agrawal, K., & Verma, P. Phycoremediation of nitrogen and phosphate from wastewater using Picochlorum sp.: A tenable approach. Journal of Basic Microbiology, 2022, 62(3-4), 279-295. [28] Liu, X., Zhu, Y., Bennett, J. M., Wu, L., & Li, H. Effects of sodium adsorption ratio and electrolyte concentration on soil saturated hydraulic conductivity. Geoderma, 2022, 414, 115772. [29] Shivanna, A. M., & Nagendrappa, G. Chemical analysis of soil samples to evaluate the soil fertility status of selected command areas of three tanks in Tiptur Taluk of Karnataka, India. crops, 2014, 6(7). [30] Oueslati, A., Montevecchi, G., Antonelli, A., & Mansour, H. B. Short-time irrigation on young olive tree (Olea europaea L. cv. Chemlali) with untreated industrial poultry wastewater: investigation of growth parameters and leaves chemical composition. Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 2021, 28(36), 50420-50429 | ||
مراجع | ||
[1] Anjum, M. S., Ali, S. M., Subhani, M. A., Anwar, M. N., Nizami, A. S., Ashraf, U., & Khokhar,
critical review. Journal of Hazardous Materials, 2021, 402, 123943. [2] Shoushtarian, F., & Negahban-Azar, M. Worldwide regulations and guidelines for agricultural water reuse: a critical review. Water, 2020, 12(4), 971. [3] Jiménez, B. Irrigation in developing countries using wastewater. International Review for Environmental Strategies, 2006, 6(2), 229-250. [4] Qadir, M., Wichelns, D., Raschid-Sally, L., McCornick, P. G., Drechsel, P., Bahri, A., & Minhas,
management, 2010, 97(4), 561-568. [5] Tahir, M. B., Tufail, S., Ahmad, A., Rafique, M., Iqbal, T., Abrar, M.,... & Ijaz, M. Semiconductor nanomaterials for the detoxification of dyes in real wastewater under visible-light photocatalysis. International Journal of environmental analytical chemistry, 2021, 101(12), 1735-1749. [6] Karimidastenaei, Z., Avellán, T., Sadegh, M., Kløve, B., & Haghighi, A. T. Unconventional water resources: Global opportunities and challenges. Science of the Total Environment, 2022, 827, 154429. [7] Aiello, R., Cirelli, G. L., & Consoli, S. Effects of reclaimed wastewater irrigation on soil and tomato fruits: a case study in Sicily (Italy). Agricultural water management, 2023, .72-65 ,)2-1(93 [8] Rebhun, M. Desalination of reclaimed wastewater to prevent salinization of soils and groundwater. Desalination, 2004, 160(2), 143-149. [9] Anderson, J. The environmental benefits of water recycling and reuse. Water Science and Technology: Water Supply, 2003, 3(4), 1-10. [10] Angelakis, A. N., & Gikas, P. Water reuse: Overview of current practices and trends in the world with emphasis on EU states. Water Utility Journal, 2014, 8(67), e78. [11] Exall, K. A review of water reuse and recycling, with reference to Canadian practice and potential: 2. Applications. Water Quality Research Journal, 2004, 39(1), 13-28. [12] Sato, T., Qadir, M., Yamamoto, S., Endo, T., & Zahoor, A. Global, regional, and country level need for data on wastewater generation, treatment, and use. Agricultural Water Management, 2013, 130, 1-13. [13] Feigin, I. Ravina and J. Shalhevet, Berlin: Springer-Verlag, pp. 224, DM 228.00, ISBN 3-540- 50804-X. Experimental Agriculture, 1991, 28(2), 241-241. [14] Oliveira, G. A., Colares, G. S., Lutterbeck, C. A., Dell’Osbel, N., Machado, Ê. L., & Rodrigues,
alternative. Science of The Total Environment, 2021, 773, 145609. [15] Tanji, K., Grattan, S., Grieve, C., Harivandi, A., Rollins, L., Shaw, D., & Wu, L. Salt management guide for landscape irrigation with recycled water in coastal Southern California. A Comprehensive Literature Review. University of California–Davis, USA, 2015. [16] CWRS (Centre for Water Resources Studies) Reuse of renovated municipal wastewater for golf course irrigation. Prepared for PEI Department of Technology and Environment. CWRS Internal Report No. 1999, 99–11. Dalhousie University, Halifax. [17] Bixio, D., Thoeye, C., De Koning, J., Joksimovic, D., Savic, D., Wintgens, T., & Melin, T. Wastewater reuse in Europe. Desalination, 2006, 187(1-3), 89-101. [18] Sakadevan, K., Maheshwari, B. L., & Bavor, H. J. Availability of nitrogen and phosphorus under recycled water irrigation. Soil Research, 2000, 38(3), 653-664. [19] Toze, S. Reuse of effluent water—benefits and risks. Agricultural water management, 2000, .159-147 ,)3-1(80 [20] Greenway, M. The role of constructed wetlands in secondary effluent treatment and water reuse in subtropical and arid Australia. Ecological engineering, 2005, .509-501 ,)5(25 [21] Sala, L., & Mujeriego, R. Cultural eutrophication control through water reuse. Water science and technology, 2001, 43(10), 109-116. [22] Fasciolo, G. E., Meca, M. I., Gabriel, E., & Morabito, J. Effects on crops of irrigation with treated municipal wastewaters. Water science and technology, 2002, 45(1), 133-138. [23] Vazquez-Montiel, O., Horan, N. J., & Mara, D. D. Management of domestic wastewater for reuse in irrigation. Water Science and Technology, 1996, 33(10-11), 355-362. [24] Sala, L., & Mujeriego, R. Cultural eutrophication control through water reuse. Water science and technology, 2001, 43(10), 109-116. [25] Rahman MM, Hagare D, Maheshwari B. Bayesian Belief Network analysis of soil salinity in a periurban agricultural field irrigated with recycled water. Agric Water Manag, 2016. [26] Silva, T. L., Morales-Torres, S., Castro-Silva, S., Figueiredo, J. L., & Silva, A. M. An overview on exploration and environmental impact of unconventional gas sources and treatment options for produced water. Journal of environmental management, 2017, 200, 511-529. [27] Goswami, R. K., Agrawal, K., & Verma, P. Phycoremediation of nitrogen and phosphate from wastewater using Picochlorum sp.: A tenable approach. Journal of Basic Microbiology, 2022, 62(3-4), 279-295. [28] Liu, X., Zhu, Y., Bennett, J. M., Wu, L., & Li, H. Effects of sodium adsorption ratio and electrolyte concentration on soil saturated hydraulic conductivity. Geoderma, 2022, 414, 115772. [29] Shivanna, A. M., & Nagendrappa, G. Chemical analysis of soil samples to evaluate the soil fertility status of selected command areas of three tanks in Tiptur Taluk of Karnataka, India. crops, 2014, 6(7). [30] Oueslati, A., Montevecchi, G., Antonelli, A., & Mansour, H. B. Short-time irrigation on young olive tree (Olea europaea L. cv. Chemlali) with untreated industrial poultry wastewater: investigation of growth parameters and leaves chemical composition. Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 2021, 28(36), 50420-50429 | ||
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