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تأملی بر نحوة اجرای تعهد به تأمین قابلیت دریانوردی در کشتیهای خودران | ||
مطالعات حقوق خصوصی | ||
مقاله 2، دوره 53، شماره 3، آبان 1402، صفحه 373-396 اصل مقاله (1016.18 K) | ||
نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22059/jlq.2024.357366.1007756 | ||
نویسنده | ||
محمد آرین* | ||
استادیار، گروه حقوق تجارت بین الملل، مالکیت فکری و فضای مجازی، دانشکده حقوق، دانشگاه شهید بهشتی، تهران، ایران. | ||
چکیده | ||
یکی از تعهدات بنیادین متصدی حمل در قراردادهای حمل دریایی این است که کشتی باید دارای قابلیت دریانوردی باشد. طبق قواعد موجود، یکی از لوازم اجرای این تعهد تأمین خدمة ذیصلاح برای راهبری کشتی است. ظهور فناوری هوش مصنوعی در سالهای اخیر صنعت حمل دریایی را همانند صنایع دیگر تحت تأثیر قرار داده، بهنحوی که ساخت کشتیهای خودران در دستور کار برخی از شرکتهای بزرگ قرار گرفته است. جایگزینی خدمه با هوش مصنوعی این پرسش اساسی را بهدنبال دارد که بدون وجود خدمه چگونه میتوان قابلیت دریانوردی کشتی را تأمین کرد؟ آیا قواعد فعلی ظرفیت پذیرش کشتیهای مزبور را دارد یا باید قواعدی جدید متناسب با ماهیت فناوری مذکور وضع شود؟ رویکردهای متفاوتی در پاسخ به این پرسشها مطرح شده است. عدهای ضمن تأکید بر کارایی قواعد سنتی موجود بر این باورند که بر اساس مفهوم «برابری کارکرد» میتوان قواعد مزبور را بر این دسته از کشتیهای اعمال کرد. گروهی دیگر با اشاره به مشکل موسوم به «جعبة سیاه» در فناوری هوش مصنوعی اعتقاد دارند که بازطراحی دکترین قابلیت دریانوردی باید در دستور کار قرار گیرد، بهنحوی که بتوان با ارزیابی الگوریتمهای مورد استفاده در هوش مصنوعی قابلیت دریانوردی کشتی را احراز کرد. در نهایت رویکرد دیگر چاره کار را در بازنگری قواعد موجود میداند، زیرا اقتضای ذات هوش مصنوعی ایجاب میکند که قواعد متناسب با آن برای سنجش قابلیت دریانوردی کشتیهای خودران وضع شود. | ||
کلیدواژهها | ||
خدمه؛ قابلیت دریانوردی؛ قواعد لاهه؛ کشتی خودران؛ هوش مصنوعی | ||
مراجع | ||
منابع
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آمار تعداد مشاهده مقاله: 382 تعداد دریافت فایل اصل مقاله: 547 |