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اثر سطح انرژی و تراکم گله بر عملکرد رشد، شاخصهای بیوشیمیایی خون، ریختشناسی روده و کیفیت گوشت جوجه گوشتی آرین | ||
علوم دامی ایران | ||
دوره 55، شماره 2، تیر 1403، صفحه 259-282 اصل مقاله (1.29 M) | ||
نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22059/ijas.2023.359172.653945 | ||
نویسندگان | ||
کامران بهرامپور1؛ سید جواد حسینی واشان1؛ نظر افضلی* 2؛ محمد سالار معینی3؛ کاظم یوسفی4 | ||
1گروه علوم دامی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه بیرجند، بیرجند، ایران | ||
2گروه علوم دامی ، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه بیرجند، بیرجند، ایران. | ||
3گروه علوم دامی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه شهید باهنر کرمان، کرمان، ایران. | ||
4گروه علوم دامی مرکز تحقیقات، آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی استان گلستان، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، گرگان، ایران | ||
چکیده | ||
هدف از مطالعه حاضر بررسی تأثیر سطح انرژی (EL) قابل سوخت و ساز و تراکم در واحد سطح بر عملکرد، شاخصهای خونی، ریختشناسی ژژنوم و کیفیت گوشت جوجههای گوشتی آرین بود. در این پژوهش از تعداد 672 قطعه جوجه گوشتی آرین ترکیب دوجنس در قالب طرح کاملاً تصادفی با آرایش فاکتوریل 4×2 شامل دو سطح تراکم (12، 16 پرنده در متر مربع) و چهار سطح انرژی (EL1: سطح انرژی توصیه شده آرین، EL2: 5/3 درصد انرژی بیشتر در دوره پایانی 2، EL3: 5/3 درصد انرژی بالاتر در تمام دورهها، EL4: 5/3 درصد انرژی بالاتر در دوره آغازین، رشد و پایانی1 و 1/6 درصد انرژی بالاتر در پایانی 2) با 8 تیمار و 6 تکرار استفاده شد. نتایج نشان داد سطح انرژی توصیه شده آرین در شرایط تراکم جمعیت، کمترین مقدار افزایش وزن بدن را در دوره پایانی 2 (42-36 روزگی) و کل دوره (1-42 روزگی) و بالاترین ضریب تبدیل خوراک در دوره پایانی 2 را داشت (001/0>P). افزایش سطح انرژی (EL3) باعث کاهش مصرف خوراک در دوره پایانی2 گردید (05/0P<). افزایش سطح انرژی باعث افزایش بازده لاشه، وزن نسبی سینه و چربی محوطه شکمی گردید (05/0P<). در شرایط تراکم بالا EL2 نسبت به EL1 موجب افزایش وزن نسبی قلب گردید. همچنین، EL3 موجب افزایش غلظت لیپوپروتئن با چگالی پایین و آلانینآمینوترانسفراز گردید. افزایش تراکم باعث کاهش غلظت آلبومین و پروتئین کل، لیپوپروتئن با چگالی بالا و افزایش فعالیت سوپراکسیددیسموتاز و گلوتاتیونپراکسیداز گردید (05/0P<). کمترین ارتفاع پرز مربوط به تیمارEL1 درشرایط تراکم بالای جمعیت بود و بیشترین ارتفاع پرز در گروه EL4 در شرایط تراکم پایین مشاهده شد (05/0P<). افزایش سطح انرژی باعث افزایش عرض پرز، نسبت ارتفاع پرز به عمق کریپت (VH/CD) و ناحیه جذبی گردید (05/0P<). تراکم بالای جمعیت ارتفاع و عرض پرز، VH/CD و سطح جذب پرز را کاهش داد (05/0P<). برهمکنش سطح انرژی و تراکم جمعیت بر هیچ یک از شاخصهای کیفیت گوشت تأثیر نداشت. در کل یافتههای پژوهش حاضر نشان داد در کل دوره پرورش تفاوت معنیداری بین تراکم گله 12 و 16 پرنده در مترمربع نمیباشد، اما در هفته آخر پرورش تراکم بالا موجب کاهش روند رشد گردید و تاثیر منفی بر ضریب تبدیل خوراک داشت، که با افزایش 5/3 درصد سطح انرژی در دوره پایانی 2، موجب بهبود عملکرد جوجههای گوشتی آرین شد. | ||
کلیدواژهها | ||
آرین؛ انرژی؛ تراکم جمعیت؛ جوجه گوشتی؛ کیفیت گوشت | ||
مراجع | ||
زمانی، پویا؛ زرافروز، فریبرز و رضایزدی، کامران (1380). مقایسه اثر سطوح مختلف انرژی متابولیسمی و پروتئین خام جیره بر عملکرد جوجه های گوشتی آرین. علوم و صنایع کشاورزی (1385)، دوره (20)، شماره (2) صفحه (3-14). ظهیرالدینی، همایون؛ میرایی آشتیانی، سیدرضا، شیوازاد، محمود و نیکخواه، علی (1380). اثر غلظت انرژی و مواد مغذی جیره برعملکرد جوجه های آمیخته گوشتی آرین. نشریه تولید و فرآوری محصولات زراعی و باغی، ۵ (۲)، ۱۲۵-۱۳۵. کاظمی، ماهان و ایلا، نیما (1400). تعیین سطح بهینه انرژی قابل متابولیسم جیرههای غذایی جوجههای گوشتی راس 308. دانش و پژوهش علوم دامی، 1400(1)، 45-57. کریمی، مصیب؛ اسماعیلیپور، امیدعلی، مظهری، مژگان و دوماری، حسین (1401). تأثیر آویشن خشک شده بر عملکرد، متابولیتهای خون و کیفیت گوشت جوجههای گوشتی در تراکم بالای پرورش. پژوهشهای علوم دامی ایران. doi: 10.22067/ijasr.2022.78413.1097. REFERENCES
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