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تأثیر آبیاری با پساب مغناطیسی بر خصوصیات شیمیایی خاک، بهره‌وری آب و جذب فلزات سنگین ذرت | ||
| تحقیقات آب و خاک ایران | ||
| دوره 54، شماره 6، شهریور 1402، صفحه 877-893 اصل مقاله (1.5 M) | ||
| نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22059/ijswr.2023.357365.669477 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| مجتبی خوش‌روش* 1؛ مسعود پورغلام آمیجی2 | ||
| 1گروه مهندسی آب، دانشکده مهندسی زارعی، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی ساری، ساری، ایران. | ||
| 2گروه مهندسی آبیاری و آبادانی، دانشکدگان کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه تهران، کرج، ایران. | ||
| چکیده | ||
| این پژوهش به منظور بررسی اثرات استفاده از پساب تصفیه‌شده مغناطیسی بر خصوصیات شیمیایی و فلزات سنگین خاک و بهره‌وری آب و جذب فلزات سنگین گیاه ذرت انجام شده است. برای انجام پژوهش، آزمایشی به‌صورت فاکتوریل در قالب طرح بلوک کامل تصادفی با سه تکرار در دو فصل کشت (سال‌های 1400 و 1401) در شهرستان بابلسر انجام شده است. تیمارها شامل آبیاری با آب چاه، آبیاری با اختلاط 25 درصد پساب و 75 درصد آب چاه، آبیاری با اختلاط 50 درصد پساب و 50 درصد آب چاه، آبیاری با اختلاط 75 درصد پساب و 25 درصد آب چاه و آبیاری با 100 درصد پساب در شرایط اعمال میدان مغناطیسی و بدون میدان مغناطیسی بود. نتایج نشان داد که اثر آب آبیاری و اختلاط آب و پساب بر هدایت الکتریکی، املاح و فلزات سنگین خاک در عمق‌های مختلف در سطح احتمال یک درصد معنی‌دار شد. به طور متوسط، آبیاری با آب مغناطیسی باعث کاهش 05/33 درصدی هدایت الکتریکی، کاهش 45/37 درصدی سرب و کاهش 28/65 درصدی مقدار کادمیوم خاک شد. نتایج بهره‌وری آب ذرت نشان داد که اثر آب آبیاری و اختلاط آب و پساب بر بهره‌وری‌های بیولوژیکی، فیزیکی، علوفه تر و علوفه خشک معنی‌دار شد و مقادیر بهره‌وری‌های بیولوژیکی و فیزیکی، علوفه تر و خشک را به‌ترتیب 51/11، 92/10، 78/12 و 6/14 درصد نسبت به پساب غیرمغناطیسی افزایش داد. همچنین با استفاده از آب مغناطیسی غلظت فلزات سرب، کادمیوم، روی و نیکل در دانه گیاه ذرت به‌ترتیب 84/19، 76/19، 48/15 و 01/23 درصد کاهش یافت. استفاده از فناوری مغناطیسی، امکان بهره‌برداری بهینه از آب‌های غیرقابل استفاده را فراهم می‌کند و باعث افزایش عملکرد و بهره‌وری گیاهان می‌شود. همچنین، این فناوری می‌تواند در کاهش تجمع فلزات سنگین در خاک و گیاه ذرت با استفاده از پساب‌ها مؤثر باشد. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها | ||
| اختلاط آب و پساب؛ امنیت غذایی؛ بهبود کیفیت آب؛ فن‌آوری مغناطیسی؛ منابع آب | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| The Effect of Irrigation with Magnetically Effluent on Soil Chemical Properties, Water Productivity and Heavy Metals Uptake by Maize | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| Mojtaba Khoshravesh1؛ Masoud Pourgholam-Amiji2 | ||
| 1Department of Water Engineering, Faculty of Agricultural Engineering, Sari Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources University, Sari, Iran. | ||
| 2Department of Irrigation and Reclamation Engineering, College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran. | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| This research was conducted to investigate the effects of using the treated magnetic effluent on chemical properties and heavy metals of soil, water productivity, and uptake of heavy metals by Maize plants. To conduct the research, a factorial experiment was conducted in the form of a randomized complete block design with three replications in two crop seasons (2021 and 2022) in Babolsar City. The treatments included irrigation with well water, irrigation with a mixture of 25% effluent and 75% well water, irrigation with a mixture of 50% effluent and 50% well water, irrigation with a mixture of 75% effluent and 25% well water, and irrigation with 100% effluent in conditions. All these were in the conditions of application of magnetic field and without magnetic field effect. The results showed that the effect of irrigation water and mixing of water and effluent on electrical conductivity, solutes, and heavy metals in the soil at different depths was significant at the probability level of 1%. On average, irrigation with magnetic water decreased electrical conductivity by 33.05%, lead by 37.45%, and cadmium by 65.28%. The results of maize water productivity showed that the effect of irrigation water and water and effluent mixing on biological, physical, wet forage, and dry forage productivity was significant and increased the values of biological, physical, wet forage, and dry forage productivity by 11.51, 10.92, 12.78, and 14.6%, respectively, compared to non-magnetic effluent. By using magnetic water, the concentration of lead, cadmium, zinc, and nickel metals in maize seeds decreased by 19.84%, 19.76%, 15.48%, and 23.01% respectively. The use of magnetic technology enables the optimal use of unusable water and increases the yield and water productivity of plants. Also, this technology can be effective in reducing the accumulation of heavy metals in the soil and maize plants using effluent. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها [English] | ||
| Food Security, Improving Water Quality, Magnetic Technology, Mixing of Water and Effluent, Water Resources | ||
| مراجع | ||
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