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مدل‌سازی اثر عوامل محیطی بر تنوع پوشش گیاهی منطقه حفاظت شده البرز مرکزی | ||
| نشریه علمی - پژوهشی مرتع و آبخیزداری | ||
| دوره 76، شماره 1، خرداد 1402، صفحه 29-44 اصل مقاله (1.24 M) | ||
| نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22059/jrwm.2023.351879.1688 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| حنانه سادات سادات موسوی1؛ افشین دانه کار* 1؛ علی جهانی2؛ وحید اعتماد3؛ فرنوش عطار صحراگرد1 | ||
| 1گروه محیط‌زیست، دانشکده منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه تهران، کرج، ایران | ||
| 2گروه ارزیابی و مخاطرات محیط‌زیست، پژوهشکده محیط‌زیست و توسعه پایدار، سازمان حفاظت محیط‌زیست کشور، تهران، ایران | ||
| 3گروه جنگلداری و اقتصاد جنگل، دانشکده منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه تهران، کرج، ایران | ||
| چکیده | ||
| شکل‌های مختلف توسعه کاربری و فعالیت‌های انسانی در مناطق تحت حفاظت، از پیشران‌های اصلی تغییر محسوب می‌شوند که با آثار متعددی بر زیستگاه‌ها، رویشگاه‌ها، تنوع و غنای گونه‌ها همراه است. هدف از این پژوهش مدل‌سازی اثر فعالیت‌های انسان بر تنوع پوشش گیاهی با استفاده از شبکه عصبی مصنوعی و تعیین میزان اثرگذاری متغیرهای اکولوژیک و انسانی بر آن است. پژوهش حاضر در منطقه حفاظت شده البرز مرکزی تحت مدیریت استان البرز انجام شده است. جهت دستیابی به هدف مذکور، ابتدا تعداد 101 نمونه قطعه پلات گیاهی و 101 نمونه خاک برداشت و آنالیزهای مربوط به خاک و پوشش گیاهی بر نمونه‌های برداشت شده، انجام شد. در نهایت با استفاده از روش شبکه عصبی پرسپترون چند لایه و با استفاده از 18 متغیر ورودی شامل متغیرهای فیزیکی و شیمیایی خاک، متغیرهای فیزیوگرافی و متغیرهای انسانی، اثر فعالیت‌های انسان بر تنوع پوشش گیاهی در محدوده مورد مطالعه مدل‌سازی شد. با توجه به نتایج، مدل با ساختار 1-5-18 با بیش‌ترین مقدار ضریب تبیین در سه دسته داده آموزش، اعتبارسنجی و آزمون معادل 82/0، 81/0 و 68/0 بهترین عملکرد بهینه‌سازی ساختار را نشان می‌دهد. فاصله از جاده‌ها، هدایت الکتریکی و درصد ماده آلی خاک به ترتیب بیش‌ترین تأثیر را بر تنوع پوشش گیاهی در محدوده مورد مطالعه از خود نشان دادند. مدل ارائه شده در این پژوهش به عنوان سیستم پشتیبان تصمیم‌گیری در ارزیابی اثرات فعالیت‌های انسان بر تنوع پوشش گیاهی در مناطق تحت حفاظت کاربرد دارد و امکان پیش‌بینی میزان اثرات مذکور را بر تنوع پوشش گیاهی در این مناطق فراهم می‌کند. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها | ||
| پرسپترون چند لایه؛ شاخص تنوع زیستی؛ شبکه عصبی مصنوعی؛ فعالیت‌های انسانی؛ مناطق تحت حفاظت | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| Modeling the Effect of Environmental Factors on the Diversity of Vegetation in Central Alborz Protected Area | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| Hannaneh Sadat Sadat Mousavi1؛ Afshin Danehkar1؛ Ali Jahani2؛ Vahid Etemad3؛ Farnoush Attar Sahragard1 | ||
| 1Department of Environment, Faculty of Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran | ||
| 2Assessment and Environment Risks Department, Research Center of Environment and Sustainable Development, Iran Environmental Protection Organization, Tehran, Iran | ||
| 3Department of Forestry and Forest Economics, Faculty of Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| Different forms of land use development and human activities in protected areas are considered to be the main drivers of change, which have many effects on habitats, habitats, diversity and richness of species. The purpose of this research is to model the effect of human activities on the diversity of vegetation using the artificial neural network method and determine the impact of ecological and human variables on them. This research was done in the Central Alborz protected area under the management of Alborz Province. To achieve the mentioned purpose, firstly, 101 plots and 101 soil samples were collected and, soil and vegetation analysis were performed on the samples. Finally, using the multilayer perceptron neural network method and using 18 input variables including physical and chemical variables of the soil, physiographic variables, and human factors variables , the effect of human activities on the diversity of vegetation in the study area modeled. According to the results, the vegetation diversity model with the structure of 1-5-18 according to the highest value of the coefficients of determination in the three categories of training, validation, and test data is equal to 0.82. 0.81 and 0.68 show the best structure optimization performance, distance from roads, electrical conductivity, and percentage of organic matter in the soil show the greatest effect on the diversity of vegetation in the study area. The model presented in this research is used as a decision support system in evaluating the effects of human activities on the diversity of vegetation in protected areas and provides the possibility of predicting the extent of these effects on the diversity of vegetation in these areas. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها [English] | ||
| Artificial neural network, Biodiversity index, Human activities, multilayer perceptron, Protected areas | ||
| مراجع | ||
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