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بررسی کارایی مصرف آب و ویژگی‌های رشد گندم تحت تأثیر کاربرد خاکی و محلول‌پاشی کود آلی زرگرین در شرایط خشکی | ||
| تحقیقات آب و خاک ایران | ||
| دوره 54، شماره 1، فروردین 1402، صفحه 135-153 اصل مقاله (1.84 M) | ||
| نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22059/ijswr.2023.351246.669397 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| مریم زاهدی فر* 1؛ سید علی اکبر موسوی2؛ آرش ارشادی3؛ مهدی جعفری اصل4 | ||
| 1دانشیار گروه مرتع و آبخیزداری (مهندسی طبیعت)، دانشکده کشاورزی ، دانشگاه فسا، فسا، ایران. | ||
| 2بخش علوم و مهندسی خاک، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه شیراز | ||
| 3مرکز نوآوری گروه صنعتی پژوهشی فرهیختگان زرنام، استان البرز، شهر هشتگرد، ایران. | ||
| 4مرکز نوآوری گروه صنعتی پژوهشی فرهیختگان زرنام، استان البرز، شهر هشتگرد، ایران | ||
| چکیده | ||
| با هدف بررسی کاربرد خاکی و محلول‌پاشی کود آلی زرگرین بر کارآیی مصرف آب، عملکرد و اجزای عملکرد گندم در شرایط تنش خشکی دو آزمایش فاکتوریل مجزا با طرح کاملا تصادفی (سه تکرار) در گلخانه انجام شد. تیمارها در آزمایش اول چهار سطح محلول‌پاشی کود (صفر، 5/2، 5 و 5/7 لیتر در هزار) و سه سطح رطوبتی (ظرفیت مزرعه، 75 و 50 درصد ظرفیت مزرعه (FC)) و در آزمایش دوم چهار سطح کاربرد خاکی (صفر، 5، 10 و 20 لیتر در هکتار) و سطوح رطوبتی مذکور بود. شاخص سبزینگی، تعداد پنجه، تعداد و ارتفاع سنبله، تعداد دانه در سنبله، ارتفاع گیاه، وزن تر و خشک اندازه‌گیری و کارایی مصرف آب محاسبه شد. هر دو شیوه کاربرد خاکی و محلول‌پاشی سبب افزایش عملکرد دانه، وزن خشک گیاه، شاخص سبزینگی و کارایی مصرف آب در مقایسه با شاهد شدند. کاربرد 20 لیتر در هکتار کود، سبب افزایش 13 درصدی تعداد سنبله و کاربرد 5 تا 20 لیتر در هکتار به‌ترتیب سبب افزایش 22 تا 31 درصدی تعداد دانه در سنبله شدند. تعداد دانه در سنبله با محلول‌پاشی 5/7 لیتر در هزار افزایش یافت. بیشترین شاخص سبزینگی (افزایش 38 درصدی در تیمار 0.75FC) و کارایی مصرف آب (55/0 گرم بر لیتر در شرایط 0.5FC) با کاربرد 20 لیتر در هکتار کود مشاهده شد. کاربرد کود در شرایط خشکی از کاهش وزن خشک جلوگیری کرده و کاربرد خاکی موثرتر بود. کاربرد کود سبب افزایش رشد/عملکرد گیاه شده و می‌توان از آن برای بهبود کمیت/کیفیت محصول به‌ویژه در مناطق خشک/نیمه‌خشک استفاده نمود. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها | ||
| تنش رطوبتی؛ وزن تر؛ وزن خشک؛ سنبله؛ شاخص سبزینگی | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| Investigating water use efficiency and wheat growth characteristics as influenced by soil and foliar application of Zargreen organic fertilizer under drought conditions | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| Maryam Zahedifar1؛ Ali Akbar Moosavi2؛ Arash Ershadi3؛ Mehdi Jafari-Asl4 | ||
| 1Associated Prof. Department of Range and Watershed Management, Faculty of Agriculture, Fasa University, Fasa, Iran | ||
| 2Department of Soil Science, College of Agriculture, Shiraz University, Shiraz | ||
| 3Innovation Center of Zarnam Educators Research Industrial Group, Alborz Province, Hashtgerd City Iran. | ||
| 4Innovation Center of Zarnam Educators Research Industrial Group, Alborz Province, Hashtgerd City Iran | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| In order to evaluate the effects of soil and foliar applications of Zargrain organic fertilizer on water-use efficiency, yield and yield components of wheat under drought conditions, two separate factorial experiments (completely randomized design of three replications) were conducted in the greenhouse. Treatments in the first experiment were four levels of foliar application (zero, 2.5, 5 and 7.5 L/1000L) and three moisture levels (field capacity, 75 and 50% of field capacity(FC)) and in the second experiment four levels of soil application (zero, 5, 10 and 20 L/ha) and the mentioned moisture levels. Greenness index, number of claws, number and height of spike, number of seeds per spike, plant height, fresh and dry weights were measured and water-use efficiency was calculated. Both soil and foliar applications methods increased grain yield, plant dry weight, greenness index and water-use efficiency compared to control. Application of 20 L/ha caused a 13% increase in the number of spikes, and the application of 5 to 20 L/ha increased the number of seeds in spike by 22 to 31%, respectively. The number of seeds per spike increased by 7.5 L/1000L foliar application. The highest greenness index (38% increase in 0.75FC treatment) and water-use efficiency (0.55 g/L in 0.5FC condition) was observed with soil application of 20 L/ha fertilizer. Fertilizer application in dry conditions prevented dry-weight loss and soil application was more effective. Application of fertilizer increases the growth/performance of the plant and it can be used to improve the quantity/quality of the yield, especially in arid/semi-arid regions. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها [English] | ||
| Water stress, Fresh weight, Dry weight, Spike, Greenness index | ||
| مراجع | ||
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آمار تعداد مشاهده مقاله: 175 تعداد دریافت فایل اصل مقاله: 136 |
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