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اندازهگیری و پایش پوشش گیاهی رویشگاههای شور حاشیه غربی دریاچه ارومیه | ||
نشریه علمی - پژوهشی مرتع و آبخیزداری | ||
دوره 75، شماره 3، آذر 1401، صفحه 449-470 اصل مقاله (891.22 K) | ||
نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22059/jrwm.2022.341008.1653 | ||
نویسنده | ||
جواد معتمدی* | ||
دانشیار، بخش تحقیقات مرتع، مؤسسه تحقیقات جنگلها و مراتع کشور، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، تهران، ایران | ||
چکیده | ||
دستیابی به اطلاعات پایه و بهنگام از اکوسیستمهای مرتعی؛ نیازمند اندازهگیری مستمر و بلند مدت پوشش گیاهی است. با این هدف، طی سالهای 1400-1397 در زمان مشخص، از پوشش گیاهی تیپهای گیاهی معرف رویشگاههای شور دریاچه ارومیه، شامل؛ Salicornia europaea، Halocnemum strobilaceum، Aeluropus littoralis- Aeluropus lagopoides- Salicornia europaea، Aeluropus littoralis- Aeluropus lagopoides و Atriplex verrucifera ، در سامان عرفی اوصالو، آماربرداری شد. در هر یک از تیپهای گیاهی، با در نظر گرفتن ابعاد و فضای بین لکههای گیاهی، چهار ترانسکت 300 متری با آزیموت یکسان، در امتداد گرادیان شوری، با فاصله 50-25 متر از همدیگر، بکار برده شد. در روی هر ترانسکت، تعداد 10 پلات با فاصله 30 متر از همدیگر، مستقر شد. پلاتگذاری، بهنحوی انجام گردید که در عین یکسان بودن فواصل پلاتها، اصل تصادفی بودن نیز رعایت گردد. لذا نقطه شروع ترانسکتهای مختلف، یکسان نبود. اندازه واحدهای نمونهبرداری و ابعاد آنها؛ بهلحاظ نحوه متفاوت پراکنش پوشش گیاهی تیپهای گیاهی، یکسان در نظر گرفته نشد. اندازه پلات برای تیپهای گیاهی Salicornia europaea، Halocnemum strobilaceum، Aeluropus littoralis- Aeluropus lagopoides- Salicornia europaea، Aeluropus littoralis- Aeluropus lagopoides و Atriplex verrucifera ، بهترتیب؛ 5/0، 2، 5/0، 25/0 و 2 متر مربع در نظر گرفته شد. میانگین تولید علوفه رویشگاه مورد پژوهش، طی سالهای 1397، 1398، 1399 و 1400بهترتیب؛ 6/404، 6/456، 6/478 و 2/338 کیلوگرم در هکتار و میانگین درصد پوشش تاجی، 4/48، 6/54، 8/58 و 0/41 درصد بود. | ||
کلیدواژهها | ||
ارزیابی مستمر؛ اندازهگیری مرتع؛ پایش مراتع؛ اکوسیستمهای مرتعی؛ تغییرات پوشش گیاهی | ||
مراجع | ||
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