تعداد نشریات | 161 |
تعداد شمارهها | 6,532 |
تعداد مقالات | 70,501 |
تعداد مشاهده مقاله | 124,112,258 |
تعداد دریافت فایل اصل مقاله | 97,216,053 |
بررسی کاربردی و اقتصادی اثر پوششهای مختلف فیزیکی در کاهش تبخیر از مخازن آب در مناطق خشک و نیمه خشک (مطالعه آزمایشگاهی) | ||
تحقیقات آب و خاک ایران | ||
دوره 53، شماره 6، شهریور 1401، صفحه 1297-1313 اصل مقاله (1.9 M) | ||
نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22059/ijswr.2022.343395.669272 | ||
نویسندگان | ||
حجت کرمی* 1؛ حمیدرضا قزوینیان2 | ||
1گروه مهندسی آب ، دانشکده مهندسی عمران، دانشگاه سمنان، سمنان، ایران | ||
2دانشجوی دکتری مهندسی و مدیریت منابع آب، دانشکده مهندسی عمران، دانشگاه سمنان، سمنان، ایران | ||
چکیده | ||
نرخ زیاد تبخیر از سطح آب، منجر به کاهش چشمگیر استفاده از مخازن و استخرهای کشاورزی آب میگردد. پوششهای فیزیکی شناور یکی از روشهای موثر در کاهش تبخیر از سطح آزاد آب میباشند. در این پژوهش از شش نوع پوشش پلیاستایرن، قطعات چوب، موم مصنوعی عسل، دانههای پرلیت و لیکا و کاه وکلش برروی سطح تشت تبخیر استاندارد کلرادو مدفون با سه تکرار برای هر پوشش استفاده شد. پوششهای پلیاستایرن، چوب و موم با درصدهای مختلف 60، 70 و 80 پوشش سطح بررسی شدند. تغییرات عمق آب مخازن پوششدار و بدون پوشش در بازه زمانی 2 خرداد 1397 تا 31 مرداد 1397 در شهر سمنان و در دانشگاه سمنان انجام شد. برآورد اقتصادی بودن طرح برای هر یک از پوششها صورت گرفت. نتایج نشان داد مقدار متوسط کاهش تبخیر نسبت به مخزن شاهد برای پوششهای پلی استایرن با درصد پوششهای 60، 70 و 80، قطعات چوب با درصد پوششهای 60، 70 و 80، موم مصنوعی عسل با درصد پوشش60، 70 و 80، پرلیت، لیکا و کاه وکلش به ترتیب حدود 43، 54، 65، 10، 19، 26، 9، 18، 25، 36، 22 و20 درصد میباشد. در بخش نتایج تحلیل اقتصادی، بررسیها برروی استخری در فاصله 8/3 کیلومتری از محل برداشت انجام شد. نتایج نشان داد که با توجه به طول عمر اقتصادی 5 ساله طرح، پوششهای پلیاستایرن، پرلیت صرفه اقتصادی دارند. میزان نرخ بازده داخلی برای پلیاستایرن با درصد پوششهای 60، 70 و 80، پرلیت به ترتیب 571، 722، 872 و 32 میباشد. | ||
کلیدواژهها | ||
کاهش تبخیر؛ پوشش فیزیکی؛ تحلیل اقتصادی؛ تشت تبخیر؛ سمنان | ||
مراجع | ||
Akinyemi, B. A., Okonkwo, C. E., Alhassan, E. A. and Ajiboye, M. (2019). Durability and strength properties of particle boards from polystyrene–wood wastes. Journal of Material Cycles and Waste Management, 21(6), 1541-1549. Alam, S. H. and AlShaikh, A. A. (2013), Use of palm fronds as shaded cover for evaporation reduction to improve water storage efficiency. Journal of King Saud University- Engineering Sciences, 25(1), 55-58. Althoff, D., Rodrigues, L. N., Da Silva, D.D. and Bazame, H.C. (2019). Improving methods for estimating small reservoir evaporation in the Brazilian Savanna. Agricultural Water Management, 216, 105–112. Chen, Z., Sun, S., Zhu, Z., Jiang, H. and Zhang, X. (2019). Assessing the effects of plant density and plastic film mulch on maize evaporation and transpiration using dual crop coefficient approach. Agricultural Water Management, 225, 105765. Dadrasajirlou, Y., Ghazvinian, H., Heddam, S. and Ganji, M. (2022). Reference Evapotranspiration Estimation Using ANN, LSSVM, and M5 Tree Models (Case Study: of Babolsar and Ramsar Regions, Iran). Journal of Soft Computing in Civil Engineering, 6(3): 101-118. doi.org/10.22115/SCCE.2022.342290.1434. Dehghanipour, M. H., Karami, H., Ghazvinian, H., Kalantari, Z. and Dehghanipour A. H. (2021). Two Comprehensive and Practical Methods for Simulating Pan Evaporation under Different Climatic Conditions in Iran. Water, 13, 2814. doi.org/10.3390/w13202814 Elsebaie, I. H., Fouli, H. and Amin, M. (2017), Evaporation reduction from open water tanks using palm-frond covers: Effects of tank shape and coverage pattern. KSCE Journal of Civil Engineering, 21(7): 2977-2983. Gaur, G. and Sharma, Y. K. (2018). Preparation and Properties of Wax Emulsions, Wax Dispersion and Their Applications in Coatings. International Journal of Engineering & Scientific Research, 6(5): 118-124. Ghazvinian, H., Bahrami, H., Ghazvinian, H. and Heddam, S. (2020a). Simulation of Monthly Precipitation in Semnan City Using ANN Artificial Intelligence Model. Journal of Soft Computing in Civil Engineering, 4(4), 36–46. doi.org/10.22115/SCCE.2020.242813.1251. Ghazvinian, H., Farzin, S., Karami H. and Mousavi, S. F. (2020b). Investigating the Effect of using Polystyrene sheets on Evaporation Reduction from Water-storage Reservoirs in Arid and Semiarid Regions (Case study: Semnan city). Journal of Water and Sustainable Development, 7(2), 45-52. doi.org/10.22067/jwsd.v7i2.81748. Ghazvinian, H., Karami, H., Farzin, S. and Mousavi, S. F. (2020c). Effect of MDF-Cover for Water Reservoir Evaporation Reduction, Experimental, and Soft Computing Approaches. Journal of Soft Computing in Civil Engineering, 4(1), 98–110. doi.org/ 10.22115/SCCE.2020.213617.1156. Ghazvinian, H., Karami, H., Farzin, S. and Mousavi, S. F. (2020d). Experimental Study of Evaporation Reduction Using Polystyrene Coating, Wood and Wax and its Estimation by Intelligent Algorithms. Journal of Irrigation and Water Engineering, 11(2), 147-165. doi.org/10.22125/iwe.2020.120727. Ghazvinian, H., Karami, H., Farzin, S. and Mousavi S. F. (2021). Introducing affordable and accessible physical covers to reduce evaporation from agricultural water reservoirs and pools (field study, statistics, and intelligent methods). Arabian Journal of Geosciences, 14, 2543. doi.org/10.1007/s12517-021-08735-3. Ghazvinian, H., Mousavi, S. F, Karami, H., Farzin, S., Ehteram, M., Hossain, M. S., Fai, C. M., Hashim, H. B., Singh, V. P, Ros. F. C. and Ahmed A. N. (2019). Integrated support vector regression and an improved particle swarm optimization-based model for solar radiation prediction. PLoS One, 14(5), e0217634. doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0217634. Imura, S, kaniva, H, Horio M. and Kimura, K. (2000). A Novel Fluidized bed manufacturing of high performance artificial lightweight aggregate concrete. Kristiansand, Norway: 611-613. Karami, H., Ghazvinian, H., Dehghanipour, M. and Ferdosian, M. (2021). Investigating the Performance of Neural Network Based Group Method of Data Handling to Pan’s Daily Evaporation Estimation (Case Study: Garmsar City). Journal of Soft Computing in Civil Engineering, 5(2), 1–18. doi.org/10.22115/SCCE.2021.274484.1282. Keshtegar, B., Heddam, S., Sebbar, A., Zhu, S. P. and Trung, N. T. (2019). SVR-RSM: a hybrid heuristic method for modeling monthly pan evaporation. Environmental Science and Pollution Research. 26(35), 35807–35826. Kisi, O., Shiri, J., Karimi, S., Shamshirband, S., Motamedi, S., Petković, D. and Hashim, R. (2015). A survey of water level fluctuation predicting in Urmia Lake using support vector machine with firefly algorithm. Applied Mathematics and Computation, 270, 731–743. Kumar, N. and Arakeri, J. H. (2019). Experimental and numerical investigation of evaporation from line sources of water in low porosity surfaces. Journal of Hydrology, 569, 795–808. Lin SAY. (1976). The modified internal rate of return and investment criterion. The Engineering Economist, 21(4), 237–247. Martínez Álvarez, V., Baille, A., Molina Martínez, J. M. and González Real, M. M. (2006). Effect of black polyethylene shade covers on the evaporation rate of agricultural reservoirs. Spanish Journal of Agricultural Research, 4(4), 280. Martínez Alvarez, V., Leyva, J. C., Maestre Valero, J. F. and Górriz, B. M. (2009). Economic assessment of shade-cloth covers for agricultural irrigation reservoirs in a semi-arid climate. Agricultural Water Management, 96(9), 1351–1359. Mazaheri, E. and Abedi Koupai, J. (2018). Reduction of Evaporation from Water Reservoirs Using Floating Covers in Isfahan. Iranian Journal of Soil and Water Research, 49(3), 597-605. (In Farsi) Miles, R. E. H., Davies, J. F. and Reid, J. P. (2016). The influence of the surface composition of mixed monolayer films on the evaporation coefficient of water. Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics, 18(29), 19847–19858. Monti, A., Pesch, D., Ellis, K. and Mancarella, P. (2016). Energy positive neighborhoods and smart energy districts. methods, tools, and experiences from the field, Academic Press. Naderi M. and Bonyadi A. (2012). Comparison of Mix-Design and Compressive Strengths of Leca, Scoria And Perlite Lightweight Concretes With Using Twist-Off Method. Journal of Civil Engineering (Journal of School of Engineering), 23: 71-90. (In Farsi). Nourani, V., Sayyah-Fard, M., Alami, M. T. and Sharghi, E. (2020). Data pre-processing effect on ANN-based prediction intervals construction of the evaporation process at different climate regions in Iran. Journal of Hydrology, 588, 125078. Pittaway, P., Herzig, M., Stuckey, N. and Larsen K. (2015). Biodegradation of artificial monolayers applied to water storages to reduce evaporative loss. Water Science and Technology, 72(8), 1334–1340. Rezzazadeh, A., Akbarzadeh, P. and Aminzadeh, M. (2020). Modelling and Experimental Investigation of the Evaporation Suppression Using Floating Covers in the Presence of Surface Flows. Amirkabir Journal of Mechanical Engineering, 52(7), 1193-2010. (In Farsi) Saggaï, S. and Bachi, O. E. K. (2018). Evaporation Reduction from Water Reservoirs in Arid Lands Using Monolayers: Algerian Experience. Water Resources, 45(2), 280–288. Santafé, M. R., Ferrer Gisbert. P. S., Sánchez Romero, F. J., Torregrosa Soler, J. B., Ferrán Gozálvez, J. J. and Ferrer Gisbert, C. M. (2014). Implementation of a photovoltaic floating cover for irrigation reservoirs. Journal of Cleaner Production, 66, 568–570. Sebbar, A., Heddam, S. and Djemili, L. (2020). Kernel extreme learning machines (KELM): a new approach for modeling monthly evaporation (EP) from dams reservoirs. Physical Geography. 1–23. Sebbar, A., Heddam, S. and Djemili L. (2019). Predicting Daily Pan Evaporation (Epan) from Dam Reservoirs in the Mediterranean Regions of Algeria: OPELM vs OSELM. Environmental Processes, 6(1), 309–319. Shively, G. and Galopin, M. (2013). An overview of benefit-cost analysis. Accessed online at http://www. agecon. purdue. edu/staff/shively/COURSES/AGEC406/reviews/bca. htm,. Silva, C., González, D and Suárez, F. (2017). An experimental and numerical study of evaporation reduction in a salt-gradient solar pond using floating discs. Solar Energy. 142, 204–214. Simon, K., Shanbhag, R. and Slocum, A. H. (2016). Reducing Evaporative Water Losses from Irrigation Ponds through the Reuse of Polyethylene Terephthalate Bottles. Journal of Irrigation and Drainage Engineering, 142(2), 06015005. Sobhi A. (2020). Laboratory evaluation of the effect of physical methods in the reducing evaporation from the surface of reservoirs on the quantity and quality of water. M.Sc. Thesis in Water Resources Management and Engineering, Faculty of Civil Engineering, Shahrood University of Technology, Iran. (In Farsi) Subramanya, K. (2013). Engineering hydrology, 4e, Tata McGraw-Hill Education Taboada, M. E., Cáceres, L., Graber, T. A., Galleguillos, H. R., Cabeza, L. F and Rojas, R. (2017). Solar water heating system and photovoltaic floating cover to reduce evaporation: Experimental results and modeling. Renewable Energy, 105, 601–615. Waheeb Youssef, Y. and Khodzinskaya, A. (2019). A Review of Evaporation Reduction Methods from Water Surfaces. E3S Web of Conferences 97, 05044. Wandel, A. P., Brink, G. N., Hancock, N. H and Pather, S. (2017). Spreading rate and dispersion behavior of evaporation-suppressant monolayer on open water surfaces: Part 2 – Under wind stress. Experimental Thermal and Fluid Science, 87, 171–181. Wurbs, R. A. and Ayala, R. A. (2014). Reservoir evaporation in Texas, USA. Journal of Hydrology, 510, 1–9. Zahedifar, M., Fazaeli, H. and Teimournejad N. (2014). Study of chemical composition and fermentability of straw from some varieties and lines of wheat. Journal of Ruminant Research, 1(4):81-96. (In Farsi) Zandi, Y. (2005). The use of perlite as a native material in lightening the weight of concrete with the ability to increase its strength. 1st International Congress on Earthquake and Lightweight Construction, University of Qom, Qom, Iran. (In Farsi)
| ||
آمار تعداد مشاهده مقاله: 245 تعداد دریافت فایل اصل مقاله: 274 |