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تأثیر درجات مختلف آبگریزی خاک حاصل از افزودن کود گاوی بر ویژگیهای پایداری خاک و فراهمی آب | ||
تحقیقات آب و خاک ایران | ||
دوره 53، شماره 6، شهریور 1401، صفحه 1281-1296 اصل مقاله (1.71 M) | ||
نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22059/ijswr.2022.342943.669268 | ||
نویسندگان | ||
معصومه نیکپور* 1؛ محمدرضا نیشابوری1؛ شاهین اوستان1؛ هرمزد نقوی2 | ||
1گروه علوم و مهندسی خاک، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه تبریز، تبریز، ایران | ||
2عضو هیات علمی مرکز تحقیقات کشاورزی کرمان | ||
چکیده | ||
آبگریزی خـاک پدیدهی مهم فیزیکـی است. در شرایط آبگریزی زیر-بحرانی، پژوهشهای زیادی پیامدهای مثبت آبگریزی را گزارش کردهاند. به نظر میرسد وجود آبگریزی خاک در یک دامنه مشخص (آبگریزی بهینه) نه تنها عامل ایجاد پیامدهای مخرب در خاک نبوده بلکه عاملی مثبت در بهبود کیفیت فیزیکی خاک نیز میباشد. در این پژوهش روی دو خاک لومرسی و لومشنی (در استان کرمان؛ در سال 1400-1399)، پیشتیمار مادهآلی (بهعنوان عامل آبگریزی) در سطوح 0، 1، 3، 5، 8 و 10 درصد وزنی کود گاوی اعمال گردید. پساز دوره انکوباسیون سهماهه و چرخه تر وخشکشدن خاکها، آبگریزی خاک با استفاده از روش WDPT، RI و β محاسبه شد. سپس 21 ویژگی کیفیت خاک (فراهمی آب و پایداری ساختمانخاک) در نمونهها اندازهگیری و با استفاده از PCA، نشانگرهای MDS انتخاب شد. با رسم نمودار دادههای نشانگرهای MDS و آبگریزی، آبگریزی بهینه که معادل 95/0 مقادیر پیشبینی شده با معادلهی برازش یافته بر این دادهها است، محاسبه گردید. با توجه به اثر معنیداری کود گاوی بر شاخصهای آبگریزی و همچنین همبستگی معنیدار RI با بیشتر ویژگیهای فراهمی آب و ساختمان خاک؛ RI جهت تعیین آبگریزی بهینه انتخاب گردید. با بررسی نتایج نمودار تغییرات RI و 11 نشانگر MDS، مشخص گردید که نشانگرهای DC، TS و Ql با افزایش آبگریزی ابتدا روند کاهشی و سپس افزایشی داشته و بقیه نشانگرها ابتدا روند افزایشی و سپس کاهشی داشتند. دامنهی بهینه آبگریزی (0.95LL-0.95UL)، زمانی که نشانگرهای ساختمان خاک مورد بررسی قرار میگیرند در دامنه وسیعتر (86/4-40/4) و در مواجهه با نشانگرهایی که تنها تحت تأثیر فراهمی آب هستند در دامنه محدودتری (28/4-72/3) تعریف میگردند. در نهایت در شرایط بدون محدودیت، حد پایینی 72/3 و حد بالایی 28/4 برای آبگریزی بهینه در نظر گرفته شد. | ||
کلیدواژهها | ||
آبگریزی بهینه؛ جذبپذیری ذاتی؛ کیفیت خاک؛ ماده آلی | ||
مراجع | ||
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