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بررسی قابلیت‌های رویکرد یادگیری ماشین در پیشبینی جریان سطحی روزانه با استفاده از برخی دادههای هواشناسی و شاخص تفاضلی نرمال شده برف (مطالعه موردی: حوضه آبخیز لتیان و ناورود) | ||
| تحقیقات آب و خاک ایران | ||
| دوره 53، شماره 5، مرداد 1401، صفحه 1127-1144 اصل مقاله (2.15 M) | ||
| نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22059/ijswr.2022.338986.669207 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| محبوبه فلاح1؛ حسینعلی بهرامی* 1؛ حسین اسدی2 | ||
| 1گروه علوم و مهندسی خاک، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه تربیت مدرس، تهران، ایران | ||
| 2گروه علوم و مهندسی خاک، دانشکده مهندسی و فناوری کشاورزی، دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران | ||
| چکیده | ||
| پیشبینی دقیق جریان سطحی برای مدیریت منابع آب به ویژه پیشبینی سیل و فرسایش خاک بسیار مهم است. در مطالعه حاضر، قابلیت سه روش یادگیری ماشین (ML) شامل رگرسیون بردار پشتیبان (SVR)، شبکه عصبی مصنوعی با پس انتشار خطا (ANN-BP) و رگرسیون تقویت گرادیان (GBR) با استفاده از دادههای هواشناسی و پوشش برف سنجنده MODIS برای پیشبینی جریان سطحی روزانه در دو حوضه مختلف لتیان و ناورود بررسی شد. برای توسعه مدل، چهار متغیر اصلی شامل باران روزانه (P)، دمای حداکثر(Tmax) ، دمای حداقل (Tmin) و شاخص تفاضلی نرمال شده برف (NDSI) از سنجنده MODIS در طول سال‌های 1379-1397 استفاده شد. کارایی این مدلها با استفاده از شاخص‌های آماری مورد ارزیابی قرار گرفت. نتایج شبیهسازی نشان داد که همه مدلها نتایج رضایت‌بخشی را در شبیهسازی جریان سطحی روزانه با استفاده از متغیرهای هواشناسی به عنوان پارامترهای ورودی مدلها ارائه کردند. همچنین، کارایی همه مدل‌های ML مورد مطالعه، زمانی که شاخص NDSI به عنوان متغیر تخمینگر در شبیهسازی اعمال شد، بهبود یافت. بهترین کارایی را در بین تمام مدل‌های مورد مطالعه در هر دو حوضه، مدل GBR نشان داد. مدل SVR پایینترین کارایی را در پیشبینی جریان سطحی روزانه برای هر دو مرحله آموزش و اعتبارسنجی در اکثر موارد نشان داد. بهطور کلی، نتایج شبیهسازی در حوضه لتیان نسبت به حوضه ناورود در هر دو مرحله آموزش و اعتبارسنجی بهتر بود و نسبت به دو مدل دیگر، بهترین کارایی در مدل GBR با ضریب همبستگی (85/0R=)، ضریب کارایی نش-ساتکلیف )72/0 (NS=و جذر میانگین مربعات خطا ( m3/s43/3(RMSE= با استفاده از شاخص NDSI در حوضه لتیان مشاهده شده است که نشاندهنده تاثیر زیاد ذوب برف در ایجاد جریان سطحی در مناطق برفخیز است. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها | ||
| شبکه‌های عصبی مصنوعی؛ مدل یادگیری ماشین؛ شاخص تفاضلی نرمال شده برف؛ رگرسیون بردار پشتیبان | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| Investigating Capabilities of Machine Learning Techniques in Forecasting Daily Streamflow Using Some Meteorological Data and Normalized Difference Snow Index (Case Study: Latian and Navroud Basins) | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| Mahboobeh Fallah1؛ Hosseinali Bahrami1؛ Hossein Asadi2 | ||
| 1Department of Soil Science, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Tarbiat Modares, Tehran, Iran | ||
| 2Department of Soil Science, Faculty of Agricultural Engineering and Technology, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| Accurate prediction of streamflow is crucial for water resources management, especially for the prediction of floods and soil erosion. In the current study, the capability of three machine learning (ML) methods, including Support Vector Regression (SVR), Artificial Neural Network with Backpropagation (ANN-BP), and Gradient Boosting Regression (GBR) was investigated using meteorological observations and MODIS snow cover data to forecast daily streamflow in two different basins, namely Latian and Navroud. For model development, four major predictors, including daily rainfall (P), maximum temperature (Tmax), minimum temperature (Tmin), and the Normalized Difference Snow Index (NDSI) from the MODIS satellite were used from 2000 to 2018. The performance of these models was evaluated using statistical indices. Simulation results revealed that all models presented satisfactory results in simulating daily streamflow using meteorological predictors, and the efficiency of all applied models was improved when the NDSI index was applied as an additional predictor. The best performance was observed in GBR among all studied models in both basins, whereas SVR revealed the lowest performance in forecasting streamflow for both validation and calibration steps in most cases. In general, the simulation results demonstrated higher accuracy in Latian basin than Navroud basin in both calibration and validation steps. The best performance among all models was observed using GBR with R = 0.85, NS=0.72, and RMSE = 3.43 m3/s using the NDSI index in Latian basin indicating the significant effect of snowmelt on streamflow generation in snowmelt-dominated regions. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها [English] | ||
| Artificial Neural Networks, Machine Learning Model, NDSI, Support Vector Regression | ||
| مراجع | ||
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