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اوجاقلو, حسن, اوجاقلو, فرهاد, قربانیان, محمد, میثاقی, فرهاد, نظری, بیژن, کرمی دهکردی, اسماعیل. (1401). بهره‌وری مصرف آب در محصول پیاز و ارزیابی راه‌کارهای بهبود آن. , 12(4), 799-820. doi: 10.22059/jwim.2022.344149.998
حسن اوجاقلو; فرهاد اوجاقلو; محمد قربانیان; فرهاد میثاقی; بیژن نظری; اسماعیل کرمی دهکردی. "بهره‌وری مصرف آب در محصول پیاز و ارزیابی راه‌کارهای بهبود آن". , 12, 4, 1401, 799-820. doi: 10.22059/jwim.2022.344149.998
اوجاقلو, حسن, اوجاقلو, فرهاد, قربانیان, محمد, میثاقی, فرهاد, نظری, بیژن, کرمی دهکردی, اسماعیل. (1401). 'بهره‌وری مصرف آب در محصول پیاز و ارزیابی راه‌کارهای بهبود آن', , 12(4), pp. 799-820. doi: 10.22059/jwim.2022.344149.998
اوجاقلو, حسن, اوجاقلو, فرهاد, قربانیان, محمد, میثاقی, فرهاد, نظری, بیژن, کرمی دهکردی, اسماعیل. بهره‌وری مصرف آب در محصول پیاز و ارزیابی راه‌کارهای بهبود آن. , 1401; 12(4): 799-820. doi: 10.22059/jwim.2022.344149.998

بهره‌وری مصرف آب در محصول پیاز و ارزیابی راه‌کارهای بهبود آن

مدیریت آب و آبیاری
مقاله 8، دوره 12، شماره 4، بهمن 1401، صفحه 799-820    اصل مقاله (1.2 M)
نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی
شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22059/jwim.2022.344149.998
نویسندگان
حسن اوجاقلو* 1؛ فرهاد اوجاقلو2؛ محمد قربانیان1؛ فرهاد میثاقی1؛ بیژن نظری3؛ اسماعیل کرمی دهکردی4
1گروه علوم و مهندسی آب، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه زنجان، زنجان، ایران.
2سازمان مدیریت و برنامه‌ریزی، زنجان، ایران.
3گروه علوم و مهندسی آب، دانشکده کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه بین‌المللی امام خمینی (ره)، قزوین، ایران.
4ترویج کشاورزی و توسعه روستایی، گروه ترویج و آموزش کشاورزی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه تربیت مدرس، تهران، ایران.
چکیده
پژوهش حاضر با هدف پایش بهره­وری مصرف آب محصول پیاز و ارزیابی میدانی راه‌کار­های ارتقای آن انجام شد. در مرحله اول پژوهش، تعداد 12 مزرعه پیاز واقع در شهرستان زنجان انتخاب و موردمطالعه قرار گرفت. عوامل مرتبط با بهره­وری نظیر دبی ورودی به مزارع، حجم آب مصرفی، برنامه آبیاری، مدیریت تغذیه، عملکرد محصول، هزینه­های تولید و درآمد حاصل از فروش محصول تعیین و شاخص‌های فیزیکی و اقتصادی بهره­وری مصرف آب محاسبه شد. در مرحله دوم، مدیریت آبیاری به‌عنوان راه‌کار اجرایی  به‌منظور بهبود بهره­وری مصرف آب در شرایط واقعی مزرعه در قالب قطعات کنترل‌شده اجرا و با وضع موجود مقایسه شد. براساس نتایج حاصل از پایش­های میدانی، میانگین حجم آب مصرفی در مزارع پیاز در حدود 19626 مترمکعب در هکتار و میانگین شاخص­های بهره­وری مصرف آب CPD، BPD و NBPD به‌ترتیب برابر 14/3 کیلوگرم بر مترمکعب، 68 و 40 هزار ریال بر مترمکعب برآورد شد. به‌طور میانگین اعمال برنامه صحیح آبیاری در قطعات کنترل‌شده منجر به کاهش 58 درصدی حجم آب مصرفی و در نتیجه آن افزایش 147 درصدی شاخص بهره­وری فیزیکی شد. تثبیت الگوی اشتباه مدیریت آبیاری و عدم کنترل و نظارت بر بهره­برداری از منابع آب دلایل اصلی مصرف بی‌رویه آب در مزارع پیاز شناخته شد. نتایج مرحله دوم اجرای پژوهش نشان داد، تنها با اصلاح مدت زمان آبیاری می­توان حجم آب مصرفی را به‌طور قابل‌ملاحظه­ای کاهش و بهره­وری مصرف آب را بهبود بخشید.
کلیدواژه‌ها
برنامه آبیاری؛ زنجانرود؛ کارایی مصرف آب؛ کنترل‌شده
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