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کاربرد تلفن‌های همراه هوشمند و رسانه های اجتماعی در شرایط بحران: تجارب جهانی و درسهایی برای ایران | ||
| مطالعات جامعه شناختی (نامه علوم اجتماعی سابق) | ||
| دوره 28، شماره 2، اسفند 1400، صفحه 185-209 اصل مقاله (627.47 K) | ||
| نوع مقاله: علمی وپزوهشی | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22059/jsr.2022.88945 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| مهدی منتظرقائم* 1؛ سندوس محمدی نوسودی2 | ||
| 1استادیار گروه ارتباطات دانشگاه تهران. | ||
| 2کارشناس ارشد ارتباطات دانشگاه تهران | ||
| چکیده | ||
| گسترش تلفن‌های همراه هوشمند و رسانه‌های اجتماعی، ارتباطات بحران را متحول کرده و باعث شده است که مشاغل این حوزه به یک تجدیدنظر جدی نیاز پیدا کنند. بااین‌وجود هنوز از تمام ظرفیت این فناوری‌های نوین در شرایط بحران استفاده نشده است. در این مقالهی سیاستپژوهانه در ابتدا به الگوهای شهروند محور ارتباطات بحران می‌پردازیم و اصلی‌ترین راه‌ها برای استفاده از رسانه‌های اجتماعی و تلفن‌های همراه هوشمند قبل، حین و پس از بحران را بر اساس تجارب اخیر جهانی و نیز مبانی نظری شناسایی می‌کنیم. سپس به مرور وضعیت معاصر ارتباطات بحران در ایران می‌پردازیم و در تطبیق با تجربه‌های جهانی در استفاده از رسانه‌های اجتماعی و تلفن‌های همراه هوشمند در ارتباطات بحران، راه‌حل‌هایی برای استفاده از فناوری‌های نوین در ارتباطات بحران ایران ارائه می‌دهیم. رسانه‌های اجتماعی در هر سه مرحله قبل، حین و بعد از بحران نقش مهمی در مدیریت شرایط بحرانی دارند. سیستم مدیریت بحران ایران از الگوهای یک‌طرفه ارتباط با شهروندان درگیر بحران استفاده می‌کند و اصلی‌ترین رسانه‌های آن برای ارتباط با مردم در شرایط بحرانی رسانه‌های جمعی هستند. راه‌حل‌هایی که با استفاده از آن‌ها سیستم مدیریت بحران می‌تواند از گوشی‌های هوشمند و رسانه‌های اجتماعی در شرایط بحرانی استفاده کند شامل سیاست‌گذاری برای استفاده از فناوری‌های نوین، ایجاد حساب کاربری در شبکه‌های اجتماعی، گفت‌وگوی آنلاین با مردم، استفاده از برنامههای کاربردی تلفن همراه، ادغام رسانه‌های اجتماعی و رسانه‌های سنتی با یکدیگر و تقویت زیرساخت‌های اینترنت و تلفن همراه در تمام نقاط کشور هستند. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها | ||
| ارتباطات بحران؛ تلفن‌های همراه هوشمند؛ رسانه‌های اجتماعی؛ رویکردهای شهروندمحور در ارتباطات بحران؛ مدیریت بحران ایران | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| The Application of Smartphones and Social Media in Crisis Conditions: Global Experiences and Some Lessons for Iran | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| Mehdi Montazerghaem1؛ Sandos Mohammadi Nosodi2 | ||
| 1. | ||
| 2. | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| The significant growth of smartphones and social media evolved crisis communications, and this has led the related businesses to pay more attention to it. Nevertheless, the full potential of these new technologies has not yet been used during crisis circumstances. In this policy-making paper, we first examine the citizen-centered models of crisis communication and recognize the primary ways to use social media and smartphones before, during, and after the crisis using the recent global experiences as well as theoretical foundations. We will then evaluate the new state of crisis communications in Iran and, in line with global experience in using social media and smartphones in crisis communications, provide solutions for using new technologies for crisis communications in Iran. Smartphones and social media developed horizontal, bottom-up, citizen-centered communication patterns, rather than directional patterns from top to bottom, in all situations, especially during crisis communication. Social media plays a vital role in managing crisis conditions in all three stages of before, during, and after the crisis. Iran's crisis management system uses one-sided communication patterns with the citizens included in the crisis, and the mass media are the primary sources of communication with people in crisis conditions. It is possible to use proper solutions in a crisis management system to employ smartphones, and social media in crisis situations, including policy-making to use new technologies, building social media accounts, online conversation, and using the applications of mobile phones, the integration of social media and traditional media and the improvement of the Internet and mobile infrastructure in all regions of the country. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها [English] | ||
| Crisis Communications, Smart Phones, Social Media, Citizen-centered Approaches in Crisis Communications, Crisis Management in Iran | ||
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