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عوامل مؤثر بر پذیرش فعالیت‌های حفاظت آب وخاک در دشت فیروزآباد | ||
| تحقیقات اقتصاد و توسعه کشاورزی ایران | ||
| دوره 54، شماره 2، تیر 1402، صفحه 383-398 اصل مقاله (1.49 M) | ||
| نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22059/ijaedr.2022.326830.669065 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| صغری امیدی1؛ منصور زیبایی2؛ فاطمه فتحی* 1 | ||
| 1گروه اقتصاد کشاورزی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه شیراز، شیراز، ایران | ||
| 2گروه اقتصاد کشاورزی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه شیراز، شیراز، ایران. | ||
| چکیده | ||
| آب به عنوان به یک منبع کمیاب است و این کمیابی در شرایط تغییر اقلیم، اهمیت بیشتری مییابد. از طرف دیگر، فرسایش خاک نهتنها به این سبب که زیان بهرهوری را بدنبال دارد، بلکه به این دلیل که به کویرزایی و فقر روستایی مرتبط است، نیز یک مسئله چالش برانگیز است. در نتیجه حفاظت از آب و خاک، دو موضوع حیاتی در مناطق با محدودیت آب نظیر دشت فیروزآباد است. این مطالعه، درک کاملتری از چالشهای پیرامون پذیرش اقدامات حفاظت از آب و خاک را فراهم نموده است. برای این منظور اثر متغیرهای مالی، اقتصادی-اجتماعی، انسانی، همراه با ویژگیهای انفرادی زارعین بر بکارگیری اقدامات حفاظت از آب و خاک به‌عنوان یک تصمیم با هم با استفاده از یک مدل رگرسیون پروبیت دو متغیره ظاهراً نامرتبط مورد بررسی قرار گرفت. اطلاعات اقتصادی-اجتماعی و تولیدی از یک نمونه 204 مزرعه بصورت تصادفی از هشت روستا جمعآوری شد. نتایج نشان داد که 6/43 درصد از زارعین حفاظت از آب، 1/44 درصد حفاظت از خاک و 24 درصد هر دو اقدام را بکار گرفتهاند. در معادله آب، تحصیلات، سن، اندازه مزرعه، فعالیت‌های خارج از مزرعه و دسترسی به اعتبار تماماً اثر مثبت و معنیداری بر احتمال بکارگیری اقدامات حفاظتی دارند. در مقابل، تعداد افراد خانوار و تعداد قطعات زمین تأثیر منفی و معنیدار بر حفاظت از آب دارند. در معادله خاک، تحصیلات، تعداد افراد خانوار، نیروی کار خانوار و تناوب زراعی، اثر مثبت و معنیدار و در مقابل تعداد افراد خانوار بر پذیرش اقدامات حفاظتی اثر منفی و معنیدار دارند. نهایتاً اینکه نتیجه بدست آمده از معادله پذیرش باهم اقدامات حفاظتی آب و خاک نشان داد که اندازه مزرعه، تحصیلات، دسترسی به اعتبار، فعالیت‌های خارج از مزرعه و نیروی کار خانوار، متغیرهای مهمی در ارتباط با پذیرش اقدامات حفاظتی هستند. یافتههای این مطالعه میتواند به درک بهتر رفتار زارعین در رابطه با حفاظت کمک کند و در نتیجه به توسعه انگیزهها و ابزارهای متمرکز بر برنامههای آب و خاک مساعدت نماید. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها | ||
| حفاظت از آب و خاک؛ پذیرش؛ دشت فیروزآباد | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| Factors Affecting the Adoption of Water and Soil Conservation Activities in Firoozabad Plain | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| Soghra Omidi1؛ Mansour Zibaei2؛ Fatemeh Fathi1 | ||
| 1Department of Information Science, Faculty of Management, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran. | ||
| 2Department of Agricultural Economics, College of Agriculture, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| Water is a gradually scarce resource. This growing scarcity turns out to be even more substantial in climate change condition. On the other hand, erosion is a challenging problem not only since it leads to productivity losses, but also because it is related to desertification and rural poverty. As a consequence, conserving both water and soil are two of the most vital issues in water-constrained region such as Firoozabad plain. To provide a more comprehensive understanding of challenges surrounding the adoption of soil and water conservation (SWC) practices, this study investigates the impacts of economic, social, human, and financial variables as well as those of the individual properties of farmers on the adoption of SWC as a joint decision, using a Seemingly Unrelated Bivariate Probit Regression (SUBPR) model. Socioeconomic and production information were collected on a sample of 204 farms randomly selected in 8 villages. The result of diagonality test indicated that the residual terms of the two equations are correlated, which leads support to the use of the SUBPR model. In other words, SWC is a joint decision. Result also showed that 43.6% of farmers adopt water conservation, 44.1% adopt soil conservation and 24% adopt both. In the water equation, age, farm size, off-farm activities and access to credit, have positive and significant effects on the likelihood of adopting conservation. In contrast, family size and the number of land plots have negative and significant influences on adoption. In the soil equation, educations, farm size, family numbers working on farm and crop rotation have positive and significant effects on adoption. In contrast, Family size has a negative and significant influence. Finally, the result obtained from the equation for the case of joint adoption showed that farm size, education, access to credit, off-farm activities and family members working on-farm are important variables associated with the adoption of conservation measures. The findings of this study could help to improve the understanding of farmers’ behavior regarding conservation, and thus help the development of incentives and instruments focusing on soil and water programs. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها [English] | ||
| Water and Soil Conservation, Adoption, Firoozabad Plain | ||
| مراجع | ||
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