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بررسی کارایی گیاهبهسازی خاک آلوده به نفت خام با مایهزنی خاک با براکیباکتریوم موریس و سودوموناس پوتیدا | ||
تحقیقات آب و خاک ایران | ||
دوره 53، شماره 1، فروردین 1401، صفحه 171-187 اصل مقاله (1.61 M) | ||
نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22059/ijswr.2022.335562.669163 | ||
نویسندگان | ||
هادی کوهکن* 1؛ محمد صدیق مرتضوی1؛ احمد گلچین2؛ غلامعلی اکبرزاده چماچایی1؛ فرشته سراجی1؛ محسن گذری1 | ||
1پژوهشکده اکولوژی خلیج فارس و دریای عمان، موسسه تحقیقات علوم شیلاتی کشور ،سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، بندرعباس، ایران. | ||
2گروه علوم خاک، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه زنجان، زنجان، ایران. | ||
چکیده | ||
فرآوردههای نفتی از پرکاربردترین و گرانبهاترین مواد شیمیایی در دنیای مدرن به شمار میآیند ولی آلودگیهای وابسته به استخراج و حمل نفت خام به یک دشواری جهانی برای محیطزیست تبدیل شده است. در این آزمایش کارایی گیاهبهسازی، زیست پالایی و گیاهبهسازی زیستافزونی شده در حذف نفت خام از خاک بررسی شد. برای این کار، یک آزمایش فاکتوریل در قالب طرح کاملاً تصادفی با سه تکرار انجام شد. فاکتورها شامل سه سطح آلودگی خاک به نفت (صفر، 4 و 8 درصد وزنی)، چهار تیمار گیاهی (بدون گیاه، برموداگراس (Cynodon dactylon)، سورگوم (bicolor Sorghum) و جو (Hordeum vulgare)) و سه تیمار باکتری (بدون باکتری، باکتری بومی (Brachybacterium muris) و باکتری غیربومی (سودوموناس پوتیدا)) بودند. نتایج نشان داد که درصد حذف نفت خام با کشت گیاه، مایهزنی خاک با باکتری و کاربرد همزمان گیاه و باکتری به گونه چشمگیری در برابر شاهد افزایش یافت. کشت گیاه در برابر مایهزنی باکتری در کاهش غلظت مواد نفتی کاراتر بود و کارایی باکتریها با کشت گیاه به گونه چشمگیر افزایش یافت. در هر سطح از آلودگی، بیشترین درصد حذف نفت با کاربرد همزمان سورگوم و باکتری Brachybacterium muris دیده شد. در همه تیمار گیاهی، بالاترین درصد حذف نفت در سطح 4 درصد آلودگی نفتی و مایهزنی Brachybacterium muris اندازهگیری شد. آلودگی نفتی وزن خشک و غلظت کلروفیل برگ را به گونه چشمگیری کاهش داد ولی کاربرد باکتریها (به ویژه باکتری بومی) اثرات منفی آلودگی نفتی بر گیاهان را به گونه چشمگیری در برابر تیمارهای بدون مایهزنی کاهش داد. آلودگی نفتی غلظت پرولین در برگ گیاهان را افزایش داد و با کاربرد باکتری بومی غلظت پرولین کاهش یافت. استقرار گیاه به همراه ریز جانداران میتواند بهعنوان جز کلیدی استراتژی حذف هیدروکربنهای نفتی در نظر گرفته شود. پس این گونه باکتریها و گیاهان را میتوان برای زیست پالایی خاکهای آلوده به نفت خام بکار برد. | ||
کلیدواژهها | ||
آلودگی نفتی؛ براکی باکتریوم موریس؛ برموداگراس؛ سورگوم؛ گیاهبهسازی زیستافزونی شده | ||
مراجع | ||
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