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اثر عمق خاک و ارتفاع منطقه بر فعالیت آنزیمهای مختلف در خاکهای جنگلی منطقه ارسباران | ||
| تحقیقات آب و خاک ایران | ||
| دوره 52، شماره 12، اسفند 1400، صفحه 3123-3109 اصل مقاله (1.49 M) | ||
| نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22059/ijswr.2022.335043.669151 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| الهام جزدایمی* 1؛ احمد گلچین2 | ||
| 1گروه خاکشناسی-دانشکده کشاورزی-دانشگاه زنجان-زنجان-ایران | ||
| 2گروه علوم خاک، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه زنجان، زنجان، ایران | ||
| چکیده | ||
| آنزیمهای خاک شاخصهای مؤثری از کیفیت خاک محسوب میشوند. در پژوهش حاضر، فعالیت برخی آنزیمهای خاک شامل اورهآز، بتاگلوکوزیداز، سلولاز، آریلسولفاتاز، دهیدروژناز و فسفاتازهای اسیدی و قلیایی در خاکهای جنگلی منطقه ارسباران تحت‌تأثیر دو عامل ارتفاع منطقه و عمق خاک مورد بررسی قرار گرفت. بدین منظور، یک آزمایش فاکتوریل در قالب طرح بلوکهای کامل تصادفی با سه تکرار انجام شد. فعالیت آنزیمهای خاک در نمونههای برداشتشده از عمقهای مختلف خاک (20-0، 40-20، 60-40، 80-60 و 100-80 سانتیمتری) در ارتفاعات مختلف (600-0، 1200-600، 1800-1200 و 2400-1800 متری) و در شیب شمالی منطقه اندازهگیری شد. نتایج نشاندهنده اثر معنیدار عمق خاک و ارتفاع بر فعالیت آنزیمهای موردمطالعه بود؛ هرچند، عکسالعمل آنزیمهای مختلف به این عوامل یکسان نبود. بیشترین فعالیت آنزیمهای اورهآز، بتاگلوکوزیداز، سلولاز، آریلسولفاتاز و فسفاتازهای اسیدی و قلیایی در لایه سطحی خاک (20-0 سانتیمتری) اندازهگیری شد که به ترتیب با افزایش عمق به طور میانگین 50، 71، 81، 71، 59 و 66 درصد کاهش یافت. اما، فعالیت آنزیم دهیدروژناز با افزایش عمق 15 تا 43 برابر افزایش یافت. بعلاوه، با افزایش ارتفاع از 600-0 تا 2400-1800 متری، درحالیکه به طور متوسط فعالیت آنزیمهای اورهآز، آریلسولفاتاز و بتاگلوکوزیداز به ترتیب 15/1، 4/1 و 19/1 برابر افزایش یافت، فعالیت آنزیمهای سلولاز و فسفاتازهای اسیدی و قلیایی به ترتیب 26، 4/10 و 6/9 درصد کاهش یافت. اما، اثر ارتفاع بر فعالیت دهیدروژناز معنیدار نبود. نتایج همچنین حاکی از همبستگی مثبت و معنیدار (P ≤ 0.01) کربن آلی و کربن زیستتوده میکروبی با فعالیت تمام آنزیمهای بررسیشده بهجز دهیدروژناز بود. یافتههای این پژوهش چگونگی تغییرات فعالیت آنزیمهای مختلف با دو عامل عمق خاک و ارتفاع را آشکار مینماید. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها | ||
| آنزیمهای خاک؛ عوامل اقلیمی؛ کربن آلی؛ کربن زیستتوده میکروبی | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| Effect of Soil Depth and Altitude on the Activity of Different Enzymes in Forest Soils of Arasbaran Region | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| elham jozdaemi1؛ Ahmad Golchin2 | ||
| 1Department of Soil Science, School Agriculture, University of zanjan,Zanjan,Iran | ||
| 2Department of Soil Science, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Zanjan, Zanjan, Iran | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| Soil enzymes are considered as the effective indicators of soil quality. In the present study, the activity of some soil enzymes, including β-glucosidase, urease, cellulase, arylsulfatase, dehydrogenase, and acidic and alkaline phosphatase was investigated in Arasbaran forest soils affected by two factors of altitude and soil depth. For this purpose, a factorial experiment was conducted using a randomized complete block design and three replications. Enzyme activity was measured in soil samples taken from different soil depths (0–20, 20–40, 40–60, 60–80, and 80–100 cm) at various altitudes (0–600, 600–1200, 1200–1800, and 1800–2400 m) on a northern aspect. The results showed significant effects of soil depth, and altitude on the activity of the enzymes studied, but the reaction of different enzymes to these factors was not the same. The highest activity of urease, β-glucosidase, cellulase, arylsulfatase, and acidic and alkaline phosphatases was measured at the surface layer (0–20 cm) of the soils, which on average decreased by 50, 81, 71, 71, 59, and 66% as soil depth increased, respectively. However, dehydrogenase activity increased by 15 to 43 times with increasing soil depth. Additionally, with the increase in altitude from 0–600 to 1800–2400 m, while the activity of urease, arylsulfatase, and β-glucosidase increased on average by 1.15, 1.4, and 1.19 times, the activity of cellulase, and acidic and alkaline phosphatases decreased by 26, 10.4, and 9.6%, respectively. But, the effect of altitude on the dehydrogenase activity was not significant. The results also showed a significant positive correlation (P ≤ 0.01) between organic carbon and microbial biomass carbon, and the activity of all studied enzymes except dehydrogenase. Findings of this study reveal how the activity of different soil enzymes changes with two factors of soil depth and altitude. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها [English] | ||
| Soil Enzymes, Climate Factors, Organic Carbon, Microbial Biomass Carbon | ||
| مراجع | ||
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