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ارزیابی اثرات کاربرد استخوان حیوانی و بن‌چار حاصل از آن بر سینتیک واجذبی و شکل‌های شیمیایی نیکل در یک خاک آهکی شور | ||
| تحقیقات آب و خاک ایران | ||
| دوره 52، شماره 12، اسفند 1400، صفحه 3047-3058 اصل مقاله (1.83 M) | ||
| نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22059/ijswr.2021.333868.669131 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| محبوب صفاری* 1؛ معصومه معاذالهی2؛ سینا مدیری3 | ||
| 1پژوهشگاه علوم و تکنولوژی پیشرفته و علوم محیطی، دانشگاه تحصیلات تکمیلی صنعتی و فناوری پیشرفته، کرمان، ایران | ||
| 2پژوهشگر مستقل، دکتری علوم خاک | ||
| 3گروه مهندسی پلیمر، دانشکده شیمی و مهندسی شیمی، دانشگاه تحصیلات تکمیلی صنعتی و فناوری پیشرفته، کرمان، ایران | ||
| چکیده | ||
| در مطالعه حاضر، کارایی اثرات کاربرد استخوان دامی (RB) و بن چار (BC) تولید شده از آن (طی فرایند پیرولیسیس در دمای 500 (°C، بر رفتار نیکل در یک خاک آهکی آلوده شده به این عنصر، مورد ارزیابی قرار گرفت. بدین منظور، RB و BC در سطوح 5/1 و 3 % (وزنی/وزنی) به‌صورت جداگانه به خاک آلوده به نیکل (350 میلی‌گرم نیکل بر کیلوگرم خاک) افزوده شده و پس از اعمال فرایند خوابانیدن (3 ماه) تحت رطوبت ظرفیت زراعی، رفتار نیکل در خاک، طی تکنیک‌های سینتیک واجذبی و عصاره‌گیری دنباله‌ای، در آزمایشگاه گروه پژوهشی محیط‌زیست، دانشگاه تحصیلات تکمیلی صنعتی و فناوری پیشرفته، کرمان (سال 1399)، بررسی گردید. بر اساس نتایج، BC باتوجه‌به سطح ویژه بسیار بالا (9/95 m2 g-1)، ایجاد فرایند تبادل با نیکل از طریق کلسیم موجود در سطح خود و تشکیل کمپلکس سطحی ارتوفسفات - نیکل، سبب کاهش معنی‌دار نیکل واجذب شده در مقایسه با نمونه خاک شاهد (بدون اعمال تیمار) شد. در طرف مقابل، RB با داشتن سطح ویژه بسیار پایین (96/0 m2 g-1) و مکانیسم آزادسازی یون هیدروژن در خاک، سبب افزایش واجذبی نیکل در خاک، در مقایسه با نمونه شاهد شد. بررسی شکل‌های شیمیایی نیکل در خاک‌های تیمار شده با BC و RB، به ترتیب نشان از کاهش (22/33- 2/43 %) و افزایش (9/15- 97/20 %) معنی‌دار فاکتور تحرک نیکل در مقایسه با نمونه شاهد (8/38 %) شد. معادله دومرحله‌ای مرتبه اول، باتوجه‌به روند دوفازی واجذب نیکل در همه نمونه‌های خاک، پیش‌بینی مناسبی (%99<R2) از سینتیک واجذبی نیکل نشان داد. به‌طورکلی نتایج این تحقیق نشان داد، فرایند پیرولیسیس با تغییر ساختار فیزیکی و شیمیایی RB، سبب بهبود خصوصیات تثبیت‌کنندگی BC و درنهایت تثبیت نیکل خاک شده است، که لزوم توجه به کاربرد و افزایش کارایی (اصلاحات فیزیکی و شیمیایی) بیشتر از این تثبیت‌کننده در تحقیقات آتی را طلب می‌کند. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها | ||
| عصاره گیری دنباله ای؛ تثبیت شیمیایی؛ نیکل؛ فاکتور تحرک؛ بیوچار استخوان | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| Evaluation of Animal Bone and Its Bone Char Application Effects on Desorption Kinetics and Chemical forms of Nickel in a Saline Calcareous Soil | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| Mahboub Saffari1؛ Masomeh Moazallahi2؛ SIna Modiri3 | ||
| 1Environment Department, Institute of Science and High Technology and Environmental Sciences, GraduateUniversity of Advanced Technology, Kerman, Iran. | ||
| 2Independent Researcher, PhD of Soil Science | ||
| 3Polymer Engineering Group, Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Department, Graduate University of Advanced Technology, Kerman, Iran | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| In the present study, the efficiency of animal bone (RB) and its bone char (BC) (from the pyrolysis process at 500 °C) application effects on nickel (Ni) behavior was evaluated in a Ni-spiked calcareous soil. For this purpose, RB and BC at 1.5 and 3% (w/w) were added separately to Ni-spiked soil (350 mg kg-1) and after incubation process (3 months) under field capacity moisture, soil Ni behavior were investigated through desorption kinetics and sequential extraction techniques, in the laboratory of environment department, graduate university of advanced technology, Kerman (1399). Based on the results, BC due to the very high specific surface area (95.9 m2 g-1), the process of nickel exchange with calcium in its surface, and the formation of orthophosphate-Ni surface complex caused a significant reduction of Ni desorption compared to the control soil sample (without treatment). The mechanism of hydrogen ion release in RB-treated soil increased the Ni desorption compared to the control sample. The results of chemical forms of Ni in soils treated with BC and RB, showed a significant decrease (43.23-23.22%) and increase (15-97-9.9%) in Ni mobility factor, respectively, compared to the control sample (38.8%). The Two first-order reactions model, considering the biphasic process of Ni desorption in all soil samples, showed a good prediction (R2>99%) of Ni desorption kinetics. In general, the results of this study showed that the pyrolysis process, by changing the physical and chemical structure of RB, has improved the stabilizing properties of CB and finally stabilized soil Ni, which requires more attention to the application and increase of efficiency (physical and chemical modifications) of this stabilizer in future research. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها [English] | ||
| Sequential extraction, Chemical stabilization, Nickel, Motility factor, Bone biochar | ||
| مراجع | ||
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