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توزیع زمانی- فضایی تراکم ستون NO2 تروپوسفری در ایران با استفاده از دادههای سنجندۀ OMI | ||
نشریه محیط زیست طبیعی | ||
دوره 74، شماره 3، آذر 1400، صفحه 629-646 اصل مقاله (1.79 M) | ||
نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22059/jne.2022.327266.2249 | ||
نویسنده | ||
کوهزاد رئیس پور* | ||
استادیار گروه جغرافیا، دانشکده علوم انسانی، دانشگاه زنجان، زنجان، ایران | ||
چکیده | ||
آلودگی هوا از مهمترین موضوعات مرتبط با اقلیم است. امروزه بهدلیل استفادۀ روزافزون از سوختهای فسیلی، غلظت آلایندههای هوا بهویژه دیاکسید نیتروژن (NO2) افزایش یافته که سبب بروز مشکلات عدیدهای برای سلامت انسان شده است. در این پژوهش توزیع زمانی- فضایی تراکم ستون NO2 تروپوسفری در ایران با استفاده از دادههای سنجندۀ OMI طی دورۀ آماری (2020 – 2005) بررسی شد. در آنالیز بلندمدت تراکم ستون NO2 تروپوسفری، میانگین NO2 1.57e+15 molec/cm2 برآورد شد که بیشترین مقدار آن بر فراز شهر تهران (1.5e+16 molec/cm2) و کمترین مقدار آن در نواحی برونشهری (1.e+14 molec/cm2) مشاهده شد. افزونبر کلانشهر تهران، شهرهای اصفهان، اهواز، شیراز، تبریز، رشت، ساری، مشهد، قم، قزوین و نواحی صنعتی سواحل جنوب از غلظت زیادی برخوردار بودند. آنالیز حاصل از بررسی سری زمانی تراکم ستون NO2 تروپوسفری در طول 5823 روز متوالی (2020 – 2005)، حاکی از روند افزایشی NO2 در گسترۀ تروپوسفر ایران است، بهطوری که میانگین آن از molec/cm2 1.36e+15 در سال 2005 به molec/cm2 1.78e+15 در سال 2020 رسیده است. نتایج بررسی پراکنش فصلی نشان داد که بیشینه و کمینۀ NO2 بهترتیب در فصول زمستان (molec/cm2 (1.57e+15 و تابستان (molec/cm2 1.31e+15) رخ میدهد. از سوی دیگر ماههای نوامبر، دسامبر و ژانویه از بیشترین، و ماههای ژوئن، ژولای و آگوست از کمترین پراکنش ماهانه برخوردار بودهاند. غلظت بیشتر NO2 در دورۀ سرد سال بهدلیل فعالتر بودن کانونهای انتشار از یکسو و شرایط هواشناسی حاکم در این دوره از سال از سوی دیگر است. همچنین با توجه به روند افزایشی آلایندۀ NO2اثرهای زیانبـار آن در آینده تشدید خواهد شد. بنابراین باید قبـل از افزایـش بیشتر، اقدامـات پیشـگیرانه توسط مسـئولان صـورت گیـرد. | ||
کلیدواژهها | ||
آلودگی هوا؛ ایران؛ تروپوسفر؛ دیاکسید نیتروژن؛ سنجندۀ OMI | ||
مراجع | ||
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