- Adimassu, Z., Kessler, A., Yirga, C., & Stroosnijder, L. (2013). Farmers’ perceptions of land degradation and their investments in land management: A case study in the Central Rift Valley of Ethiopia. Environmental Management, 51(5), 989-998.
- Ali, T., Ahmad, M., Shahbaz, B., & Suleri, A. (2007). Impact of participatory forest management on financial assets of rural communities in Northwest Pakistan. Ecological Economics, 63(2-3), 588-593.
- Allison, C., Vakis, R., & Masefield, A. (2005). Afghanistan–Poverty, vulnerability and social protection. An initial assessment. Human Development Unit, South Asia Region, The World Bank, Washington DC.
- Ashley, C., Carney, D. (1999). Sustainable Livelihoods: Lessons from Early Experience. Department for International Development, London
- Babulo, B., Muys, B., Nega, F., Tollens, E., Nyssen, J., Deckers, J., & Mathijs, E. (2008). Household livelihood strategies and forest dependence in the highlands of Tigray, Northern Ethiopia. Agricultural Systems, 98(2), 147-155.
- Busse, H. A., Jogo, W., Fofanah, M., Tesfay, H., Hadush, M., Kiflom, E., & Schulz, S. (2017). Participatory assessment of factors influencing Nutrition and livelihoods in rural Ethiopia: Implications for measuring impacts of multisector Nutrition programs. Food and Nutrition Bulletin, 38(4), 468-484.
- Carney, D., & Britain, G. (2003). Sustainable Livelihoods Approaches: Progress and Possibilities for Change. Department for International Development, London.
- Dartanto, T., & Nurkholis. R. (2013). The determinants of poverty dynamics in Indonesia: evidence from panel data. Bulletin of Indonesian Economic Studies, 49(1), 61-84.
- De Haan, L., & Zoomers, A. (2005). Exploring the frontier of livelihoods research. Development and Change, 36(1), 27-47.
- (1999). Sustainable Livelihoods Guidance Sheets. London, UK: DFID.
- Dhamija, N., & Bhide, S. (2013). Poverty in rural India: Variations in factors influencing dynamics of chronic poverty. Journal of International Development, 25(5), 674-695.
- Ellis, F. (2000). Rural Livelihood and Diversity in Developing Countries. Oxford University Press, Oxford, UK.
- (2010). Living zone determination activities in Afghanistan. USAID. Special Report on the Office of Emergency Hunger Systems Network (FEWSNET). Ministry of Agriculture, Irrigation, and Livestock of Afghanistan.
- Ghazali, S., & Zibaei, M. (2018). Determinants of Livelihood Strategies Selecting by Nomadic Households of Fars Province. Agricultural Economics, 11(4), 63-80. (In Farsi).
- Haddad, L., & Ahmed, A. (2003). Chronic and transitory poverty: Evidence from Egypt, 1997–99. World Development, 31(1), 71-85.
- Hua, X., Yan, J., & Zhang, Y. (2017). Evaluating the role of livelihood assets in suitable livelihood strategies: Protocol for anti-poverty policy in the Eastern Tibetan Plateau, China. Ecological Indicators, 78, 62-74.
- Huber, F. K., Yang, Y., Weckerle, C. S., & Seeland, K. (2014). Diversification of livelihoods in a society in transition: A case study of Tibetan communities in Southwest China. Society & Natural Resources, 27(7), 706-723.
- Huot, D., & Pain, A. (2017). Afghanistan livelihood trajectories: life on the margins in Sar-i-Pul province. Working Paper 54. Secure Livelihoods Research Consortium (SLRC). Overseas Development Institute. Westminster.
- Huot, D., Pain, A., & Ghafoori, I. (2016). Livelihood Trajectories in Afghanistan: Evidence from Three Villages in Heart Province. Working Paper 40. Secure Livelihoods Research Consortium (SLRC). Overseas Development Institute. Westminster.
- Jiao, X., Pouliot, M., & Walelign, S. Z. (2017). Livelihood strategies and dynamics in rural Cambodia. World Development, 97, 266-278.
- Juma Poor, M and Kiomars, N. (2012). Investigation the effect of tourism on people’s assets and livelihood activities in the context of sustainable tourism livelihood (Case study: Ziarat village). Tourism Management Studies, 7(17): 87-119.
- Kantor, P., & Pain, A. (2012). Social relationships and rural livelihood security in Afghanistan. Journal of South Asian Development, 7(2), 161-182.
- Krishna, A. (2010). Who became poor, who escaped poverty, and why? Developing and using a retrospective methodology in five countries. Journal of Policy Analysis and Management, 29(2), 351-372.
- Koeberlein, M. (2003). Living from waste: livelihood of the actors involved in Delhi’s recycling economy. Verlag fur Entwicklungspolitik publication. Saarbrucken, Germany, 276 pp.
- Larvae, M. A., Maabery, M. H., Abedi Sarvestani, A., & Shahraki, M. R. (2020). Investigation of the type and extent of forest exploitation and its role on the livelihood of Jaji Aryub forest dwellers (Paktia province-Afghanistan). Wood and Forest Science and Technology Research, 27 (2): 31-27.
- Liu, Z., & Lan, J. (2015). The sloping land conversion program in China: Effect on the livelihood diversification of rural households. World Development, 70: 147-161.
- Liu, Z., & Liu, L. (2016). Characteristics and driving factors of rural livelihood transition in the east coastal region of China: A case study of suburban Shanghai. Journal of Rural Studies, 43, 145-158.
- Loison, S. A. (2015). Rural livelihood diversification in Sub-Saharan Africa: A literature review rural livelihood diversification in Sub-Saharan Africa: A literature review. The Journal of Development Studies, 51(9): 1125-1138.
- Mahdi, G., Shivakoti, G., & Schmidt-Vogt, D. (2009). Livelihood Change and Livelihood Sustainability in the Uplands of Lembang Subwatershed, West Sumatra, Indonesia, in a Changing Natural Resource Management Context. Environmental Management, 43: 84-99.
- Mushongah, J., & Scoones, I. (2012). Livelihood change in rural Zimbabwe over 20 years. Journal of Development Studies, 48(9), 1241-1257.
- Naschold, F. (2012). “The poor stay poor”: Household asset poverty traps in rural semi-arid India. World Development, 40(10), 2033-2043.
- Nega, F., Mathijs, E., Deckers, J., Haile, M., Nyssen, J., & Tollens, E. (2010). Rural poverty dynamics and impact of intervention programs upon chronic and transitory poverty in Northern Ethiopia. African Development Review, 22(1), 92-114.
- Pain, A. (2010). Afghanistan Livelihood Trajectories-Evidence from Kandahar. Kabul: Afghanistan Research and Evaluation Unit.
- Pain, A. (2012). Livelihoods, basic services and social protection in Afghanistan. Working Paper 3. Secure Livelihoods Research Consortium (SLRC). Overseas Development Institute. Westminster.
- Pain, A., & Huot, D. (2017). Life in the times of late development': livelihood trajectories in Afghanistan, 2002-2016. Working Paper 50, Secure Livelihoods Research Consortium. (SLRC). Overseas Development Institute. Westminster.
- Peng, W., Zheng, H., Robinson, B. E., Li, C., & Wang, F. (2017). Household livelihood strategy choices, impact factors, and environmental consequences in Miyun reservoir watershed, China. Sustainability, 9(2), 175.
- Rezvani, A.(2007).City-village mutual relations with emphasis on Iran. Seventh edition. Payame Noor University Press. Tehran. (In Farsi).
- Rigg, J. (2005). Poverty and livelihoods after full-time farming: A South East Asian view. Asia Pacific Viewpoint, 46: 173–184.
- Scoones, I. (2009). Livelihoods perspectives and rural development. The Journal of Peasant Studies, 36(1), 171-196.
- Soltani, A., Angelsen, A., Eid, T., Naieni, M. S. N., & Shamekhi, T. (2012). Poverty, sustainability, and household livelihood strategies in Zagros, Iran. Ecological Economics, 79, 60-70.
- Tang, Q., Bennett, S. J., Xu, Y., & Li, Y. (2013). Agricultural practices and sustainable livelihoods: Rural transformation within the Loess Plateau, China. Applied Geography, 41, 15-23.
- Udayakumara, E. P. N., & Shrestha, R. P. (2011). Assessing livelihood for improvement: Samanalawewa reservoir environs, Sri Lanka. International Journal of Sustainable Development and World Ecology, 18(4): 366-376.
- Van den Berg, M. (2010). Household income strategies and natural disasters: Dynamic livelihoods in rural Nicaragua. Ecological Economics, 69(3), 592-602.
- Walelign, S. Z. (2016). Should all attrition households in rural panel
datasets be tracked? Lessons from a panel survey in Nepal. Journal of Rural Studies, 47, 242–253
- Walelign, S. Z., Pouliot, M., Larsen, H. O., & Smith-Hall, C. (2017). Combining household income and asset data to identify livelihood strategies and their dynamics. The Journal of Development Studies, 53(6), 769-787.
- Wiggins, S. (2000). Interpreting changes from the 1970s to the 1990s in African agriculture through village studies. World Development, 28(4), 631-662.
- Yan, J., Wu, Y., Zhang, Y., & Zhou, S. (2010). Livelihood diversification of farmers and nomads of eastern transect in Tibetan Plateau. Journal of Geographical Sciences, 20(5), 757-770.
- Zhang, L., Zhang, Y., Yan, J., & Wu, Y. (2008). Livelihood diversification and cropland use pattern in agro-pastoral mountainous region of eastern Tibetan Plateau. Journal of Geographical Sciences, 18(4), 499-509.
|