بررسی باکتری‌های کلی‌فرم مقاوم به آنتی‌بیوتیک در رودخانه زرجوب

APHA (American Public Health Association). (2005) Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater, (21st ed). American Water Works Association, Water Environment Federation, Washington, DC.

Awad, Y.M., Kim, S.C., Abd El-Azeem, S.A.M., Kim, K.H., Kim, K.R., Kim, K., Jeon, C., Lee, S.S., and Ok, Y.S. (2014). Veterinary antibiotics contamination in water, sediment, and soil near a swine manure composting facility. Environmental Earth Science, 71, 1433–1440.

Ayandiran, T.A., Ayandele, A.A., Dahunsi, S.O. and Ajala, O.O. (2014). Microbial assessment and prevalence of antibiotic resistance in polluted Oluwa River, Nigeria. The Egyptian Journal of Aquatic Research, 40(3), 291-299.

Calero-Caceres, W., Mendez, J., Martín-Díaz, J., and Muniesa, M. (2017). The occurrence of antibiotic resistance genes in a Mediterranean river and their persistence in the riverbed sediment. Environmental Pollution, 223, 384-394.

Chen, Z., Yu, D., He, S., Ye, H., Zhang, L., Wen, Y., Zhang, W., Shu, L. and Chen, S. (2017). Prevalence of antibiotic-resistant Escherichia coli in drinking water sources in Hangzhou City. Frontiers in Microbiology, 8, 1133.

Chopra, I., and Roberts, M. (2001). Tetracycline antibiotics: mode of action, applications, molecular biology, and epidemiology of bacterial resistance. Microbiology and Molecular Biology Reviews, 65, 232–260.

CLSI. (2014). Performance Standards for Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing; Twenty-Fourth Informational Supplement. Clinical Labaraotory Standard Institute.

Dang, H., Song, L., Chen, M., and Chang, Y. (2006). Concurrence of cat and tet genes in multiple antibiotic-resistant bacteria isolated from a sea cucumber and sea urchin mariculture farm in China. Microbial Ecology, 52, 634–643.

Danner, M.C., Robertson, A., Behrends, V., and Reiss, J. (2019). Antibiotic pollution in surface fresh waters: occurrence and effects. Science of the Total Environment, 664, 793-804.

Dhawde, R., Macaden, R., Saranath, D., Nilgiriwala, K., Ghadge, A. and Birdi, T. (2018). Antibiotic resistance characterization of environmental E. coli isolated from River Mula-Mutha, Pune District, India. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 15(6), 1247.

Diwan, V., Hanna, N., Purohit, M., Chandran, S., Riggi, E., Parashar, V., Tamhankar, A.J. and Stålsby Lundborg, C. (2018). Seasonal variations in water-quality, antibiotic residues, resistant bacteria and antibiotic resistance genes of Escherichia coli isolates from water and sediments of the Kshipra River in Central India. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 15(6), 1281.

Ebrahimi E., Asadi, H., Tajrishy, M., Farhangi, M.B., and Tajdari, K. (2019). Determination of cholorid and total dissolved solids in inlet rivers the Anzali lagoon. In:16th Iranian Soil Science Congress, 27-29 Aug, University of Zanjan, Iran. (In Persian)

Fajardo, A., Martinez-Martin, N., Mercadillo, M., Galan, J.C., Ghysels, B., Matthijs, S., Cornelis, P., Wiehlmann, L., Tummler, B., Baquero, F., and Martinez, J.L. (2008). The neglected intrinsic resistome of bacterial pathogens. PLos One, 3, 1619.

Freixa, A., Ejarque, E., Crognale, S., Amalfitano, S., Fazi, S., Butturini, A., and Romaní, A.M. (2016). Sediment microbial communities rely on different dissolved organic matter sources along a Mediterranean river continuum. Limnology and Oceanography, 61, 1389-1405.

Gaskins, H., Collier, C., and Anderson, D. (2002). Antibiotics as growth promotants: mode of action. Animal Biotechnology, 13(1), 29-42.

Gelband, H., Molly Miller, P., Pant, S., Gandra, S., Levinson, J., Barter, D., White, A., and Laxminarayan, R. (2015). The state of the world's antibiotics 2015. Wound Healing Southern Africa, 8(2), 30-34.

Goni-Urriza, M., Capdepuy, M., Arpin, C., Raymond, N., Caumette, P. and Quentin, C. (2000). Impact of an urban effluent on antibiotic resistance of riverine Enterobacteriaceae and Aeromonas spp. Applied and Environmental Microbiology, 66(1), 125-132.

Guo, X.P., Liu, X., Niu, Z.S., Lu, D.P., Zhao, S., Sun, X.L., Wu, J.Y., Chen, Y.R., Tou, F.Y., Hou, L. and Liu, M. (2018). Seasonal and spatial distribution of antibiotic resistance genes in the sediments along the Yangtze Estuary, China. Environmental Pollution, 242, 576-584.

Haghighatpanah, M., Mozaffari Nejad, A.S., Mojtahedi, A., Amirmozafari, N., and Zeighami, H. (2016). Detection of extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL) and plasmid-borne bla CTX-M and bla TEM genes among clinical strains of Escherichia coli isolated from patients in the north of Iran. Journal of Global Antimicrobal Resistance, 7,110–113.

Kaeseberg, T., Schubert, S., Oertel, R., Zhang, J., Berendonk, T.U. and Krebs, P. (2018). Hot spots of antibiotic tolerant and resistant bacterial subpopulations in natural freshwater biofilm communities due to inevitable urban drainage system overflows. Environmental Pollution, 242, 164-170.

Keen, P.L., and Montforts, M. (2012). Antimicrobial Resistance in the environment. Hoboken, NJ: Wiley-Blackwe.ll

Khatib Haghighi, M., and Ghane, A. (2017). Study of Coliform Contamination of Havigh River in the West of Guilan Province. Journal of Aquatic Caspian Sea, 2(3), 55-66. (In Persian).

Khatib Haghighi, S., Faeed, M., Ghane, A., and Malaki Shomali, S. (2017). Study of coliform contamination of Karganrood River in the west of Guilan province. Advanced Aquaculture Sciences Journal, 1(2), 87-98. (In Persian).

Knapp, C.W., Lima, L., Olivares-Rieumont, S., Bowen, E., Werner, D., and Graham, D.W. (2012). Seasonal variations in antibiotic resistance gene transport in the Almendares River, Havana, Cuba. Frontiers in Microbiology. 3, 396.

Koo, H.J. and Woo, G.J. (2011). Distribution and transferability of tetracycline resistance determinants in Escherichia coli isolated from meat and meat products. International Journal of Food Microbiology, 145(2-3), 407-413.

Laroche, E.P.F., Fournier, M., and Pawlak, B. (2010). Transport of antibioticresistant Escherichia coli in a public rural karst water supply. Journal of Hydrology, 392(1-2), 12-21.

Machado, A., and Bordalo, A.A. (2014). Prevalence of antibiotic resistance in bacteria isolated from drinking well water available in Guinea-Bissau (West Africa). Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety, 106, 188–194.

Madigan, M.T., Bender, K.S., Buckley, D.H., Sattley, W.M. and Stahl, D.A. (2019). Brock biology of microorganisms (15th ed). Harlow Pearson Education Limited.

Manaia, C.M. (2017). Assessing the risk of antibiotic resistance transmission from the environment to humans: non-direct proportionality between abundance and risk. Trends in Microbiology, 25(3), 173-181.

McArthur, J.V., Fletcher, D., Tuckfield, R.C., and Baker-Austin, C. (2016). Patterns of multi-antibiotic-resistant Escherichia coli from streams with no history of antimicrobial inputs. Microbial Ecology, 72(4), 840-850.

Mohanta, T. and Goel, S. (2014). Prevalence of antibiotic-resistant bacteria in three different aquatic environments over three seasons. Environmental Monitoring and Assessment, 186(8), 5089-5100.

Nikoogoftar Ranjbar, S., Pourbabaee, A.A. and Davari, K. (2016). The frequency of antibiotic resistant coliforms isolated from sewage of Qom city, Iran. Qom University of Medical Sciences Journal, 10(10), 69-77. (In Persian)

Nourani Masouleh, H., Forghani, A. and Ramezanpour, H. (2014). Quality evaluation of the incoming water to Anzali Lagoon, International Bulletin of Water Resources and Development, 1(2), 20. (In Persian)

Poonia, S., Singh, T.S. and Tsering, D.C. (2014). Antibiotic susceptibility profile of bacteria isolated from natural sources of water from rural areas of East Sikkim. Indian journal of community medicine: official publication of Indian Association of Preventive & Social Medicine, 39(3), 156.

Purohit, M., Diwan, V., Parashar, V., Tamhankar, A.J. and Lundborg, C.S. (2020). Mass bathing events in River Kshipra, Central India-influence on the water quality and the antibiotic susceptibility pattern of commensal E. coli. Plos one, 15(3), 0229664.

Rajurkar, N.S., Nongbri, B. and Patwardhan, A.M. (2003). Physico-chemical and biological investigations of river Umshyrpi at Shilling, Meghalaya. Indian Journal of Environmental Health, 45, 83-92.

Rieke, E.L., Moorman, T.B., Douglass, E.L., and Soupir, M.L. (2018) Seasonal variation of macrolide resistance gene abundances in the South Fork Iowa River Watershed. Science of the Total Environment, 610, 1173-1179.

Saberinia, F., Farhangi, M.B., Yaghmaeian Mahabadi, N., and Ghorbanzadeh, N. (2021). Investigation of Gowharrood River contamination to antibiotic resistant bacteria. Journal of Water and Wastewater; Ab va Fazilab, 31(7), 145-161. (In Persian).

Safari Sinegani, A.A., Sharifi, Z. and Sinegani, M.S. (2011). Experimental methods in soil microbiology. (1^st ed), Bu Ali Sina University Press, Hamadan, 457 Pages. (In Pesian)

Sayyad Ghorbani Shirin, F., and Alidoost Nedamani, S. (2017). Evaluation of microbial contamination of Nawrood River to E. coli and Coliform bacteria based on global standards. Journal of Environmental Geology, 11(40), 1-10. (In Persian).

Singh, R., Singh, A.P., Kumar, S., Giri, B.S. and Kim, K.H. (2019). Antibiotic resistance in major rivers in the world: a systematic review on occurrence, emergence, and management strategies. Journal of Cleaner Production, 234, 1484-1505.

Stockwell, V., and Duffy, B. (2012). Use of antibiotics in plant agriculture. Review Scientific Techniqe, 31, 199–210.

Tao, R., Ying, G.G., Su, H.C., Zhou, H.W., and Sidhu, J.P. (2010). Detection of antibiotic resistance and tetracycline resistance genes in Enterobacteriaceae isolated from the Pearl rivers in South China. Environmental Pollution. 158, 2101–2109.

Tripathi, K. and Sharma, A.K. (2011). Seasonal variation in bacterial contamination of water sources with antibiotic resistant faecal coliforms in relation to pollution. Journal of Applied and Natural Science, 3(2), 298-302.

Van den Bogaard, A., London, N., and Stobberingh, E. (2000). Antimicrobial resistance in pig faecal samples from the Netherlands (five abattoirs) and Sweden. Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy, 45(5), 663-671.

Vaz-Moreira, I., Nunes, O.C., and Manaia, C.M. (2014). Bacterial diversity and antibiotic resistance in water habitats: searching the links with the human microbiome, FEMS Microbiology Reviews, 38(4), 761-778.

Walkley, A., and Black, I.A. (1934). An examination of the Degtjareff method for determining soil organic matter, and a proposed modification of the chromic acid titration method. Soil science 37(1), 29-38.

Wang, G., Zhou, S., Han, X., Zhang, L., Ding, S., Li, Y., Zhang, D., and Zarin, K. (2020). Occurrence, distribution, and source track of antibiotics and antibiotic resistance genes in the main rivers of Chongqing city, southwest China, Journal of Hazardous Materials, 389, 122110.

Watkinson, A.J., Micalizzi, G.B., Graham, G.M., Bates, J.B., and Constanzo, S.D. (2007). Antibiotic resistant Escherichia coli in wastewaters, surface waters and oysters from an urban riverine system, Applied and Environmental Microbiology, 73, 5667–5670.

Younesi N., Safari Sinegani, A.A., and Khodakaramian, G. (2017). Detection of Beta-lactamase gene in the culturable bacteria isolated from agricultural, pasture and mining soils around mines in Hamedan, Iran, Biological Journal of Microorganism, 6(21), 35-48. (In Pesian)

Zhang, X., Li, Y., Liu, B., Wang, J., Feng, C., Gao, M., and Wang, L. (2014). Prevalence of veterinary antibiotics and antibiotic-resistant Escherichia coli in the surface water of a livestock production region in northern China, Plos One, 9, 111026.