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اثر شیوه بهره برداری از منابع آبی بر شاخص های بهره وری مصرف آب محصول زیتون | ||
مدیریت آب و آبیاری | ||
دوره 11، شماره 3، آبان 1400، صفحه 643-658 اصل مقاله (1.21 M) | ||
نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22059/jwim.2021.330311.917 | ||
نویسندگان | ||
فرشید محمدی1؛ حسن اوجاقلو* 2؛ محمد قربانیان3 | ||
1دانش آموخته کارشناسی ارشد، گروه علوم و مهندسی آب، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه زنجان، زنجان، ایران. | ||
2استادیار، گروه علوم و مهندسی آب، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه زنجان، زنجان، ایران. | ||
3دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد، گروه علوم و مهندسی آب، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه زنجان، زنجان، ایران. | ||
چکیده | ||
مطالعه میدانی عوامل موثر بر بهرهوری مصرف آب، یکی از راهکارهای مهم در رسیدن به کشاورزی پایدار میباشد. در این تحقیق اثر روش بهرهبرداری از منابع آب بر شاخصهای فیزیکی و اقتصادی بهرهوری مصرف آب محصول زیتون مورد بررسی قرار گرفت. برای این منظور تعداد 30 باغ زیتون شامل 16 باغ با منبع آب از نوع چاه شخصی و 14 باغ از نوع مشاعی در شهرستان طارم واقع در استان زنجان انتخاب شد. به منظور محاسبه شاخصهای بهرهوری مصرف آب، پارامترهای آبیاری نظیر دبی ورودی و برنامه آبیاری در سه نوبت زمانی مختلف در طول فصل، عملکرد محصول، هزینههای تولید و درآمد حاصل از فروش محصول تعیین شد. میانگین حجم آب مصرفی در باغات تحت مدیریت چاه شخصی و مشاعی به ترتیب 9800 و 12680 مترمکعب در هکتار برآورد شد. میانگین شاخصهای بهرهوری CPD، BPD و NBPD در باغات تحت مدیریت چاه شخصی به ترتیب برابر با 40/0 کیلوگرم برمترمکعب، 9/46 و 4/24 هزار ریال برمترمکعب و در باغات تحت مدیریت چاه مشاعی به ترتیب برابر با 30/0 کیلوگرم برمترمکعب، 4/36 و 2/15 هزار ریال بر مترمکعب برآورد شد. نتایج آزمون معنیداری به روش T مستقل نشان داد اختلاف معنیداری بین شاخصهای مذکور در دو نوع روش بهرهبرداری وجود ندارد. عدم کنترل و نظارت بر بهرهبرداری از منابع آب، دانش کم کشاورزان در مدیریت آب و آبیاری و عدم تناسب حقابهها با نیاز آبی به خصوص در باغات با چاه مشاعی به عنوان مهمترین دلایل پایین بودن بهرهوری در برخی باغات منطقه شناخته شد. | ||
کلیدواژهها | ||
بهره وری؛ چاه شخصی؛ زیتون؛ مشاعی | ||
مراجع | ||
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