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کنوانسیون رژیم حقوقی دریای خزر و جایگاه ایران در ژئوپلیتیک انرژی قفقاز جنوبی | ||
مطالعات اوراسیای مرکزی | ||
دوره 14، شماره 1، شهریور 1400، صفحه 153-176 اصل مقاله (202.99 K) | ||
نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22059/jcep.2020.311072.449956 | ||
نویسندگان | ||
اکبر ولی زاده1؛ مهدی صادقی* 2 | ||
1استادیار مطالعات منطقهای، دانشگاه تهران | ||
2دکتری مطالعات منطقهای، دانشگاه تهران | ||
چکیده | ||
امضای کنوانسیون حقوقی دریایی خزر در سال 2018 گامی مهم برای مشخصکردن همۀ ابعاد حقوقی مرتبط با این دریاچه بود. در میان این ابعاد امنیتی متعدد برای ایران، مؤلفۀ وضعیت خطوط لولۀ دریای خزر میتواند برای این کشور در تحریم شدید در حوزۀ انرژی و نیز انزوا در ژئوپلیتیک انرژی قفقاز جنوبی، بسیار با اهمیت و فرصتساز باشد. تحریم سبب شده است گزارۀ فکری بنیادین همۀ راهبردپردازان شرقی و غربی در توسعۀ اَبربرنامههای انرژی در زمینۀ استخراج نفتوگاز و فرستادن آن به خطوط لوله در اوراسیای مرکزی، دورزدن ایران و اجتناب از حضور ایران باشد. قفقاز جنوبی هم از این سیاست مستثنی نبوده و با بازیگردانی بازیگران کوچکی مانند جمهورری آذربایجان و ترکمنستان، تهران در حاشیه مانده است. مقدوراتی که مفاد کنوانسیون حقوقی دریای خزر در زمینۀ ژئوپلیتیک انرژی برای ایران پدید آورده است با یک سیاستگذاری عاقلانه و فرصتطلبانه میتواند به اهرم کنشگری برای ایران در این عرصه تبدیل شود. در این نوشتار در پی پاسخ به این پرسش هستیم که با توجه به کنوانسیون خزر مبنی بر توجه به دو مؤلفۀ اجماع و ملاحظات محیط زیستی در ساخت خطوط لوله در دریای خزر، جمهوری اسلامی ایران میتواند با سهمخواهی تأمینبخشی از ظرفیت انتقالی خطوط لولۀ انرژی دریای خزر که باید از قفقاز جنوبی عبور کند، یک کارت بازی مؤثر در ژئوپلیتیک انرژی قفقاز جنوبی در اختیار داشته باشد. | ||
کلیدواژهها | ||
انرژی؛ ایران؛ دریای خزر؛ ژئوپلیتیک انرژی؛ قفقاز جنوبی؛ کنوانسیون خزر | ||
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