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ارزیابی تخریب اراضی با استفاده از شاخص کارایی مصرف آب و خشکسالی (مطالعۀ موردی: استان فارس) | ||
نشریه علمی - پژوهشی مرتع و آبخیزداری | ||
مقاله 8، دوره 74، شماره 1، خرداد 1400، صفحه 103-120 اصل مقاله (1.9 M) | ||
نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22059/jrwm.2021.314310.1550 | ||
نویسندگان | ||
هادی اسکندری دامنه1؛ حمید غلامی* 2؛ رسول مهدوی2؛ اسدالله خورانی3؛ جونران لی4 | ||
1دانشجوی دکتری بیابانزدایی، دانشکدۀ کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه هرمزگان، ایران. | ||
2دانشیار گروه مهندسی منابع طبیعی، دانشکدۀ کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه هرمزگان، ایران. | ||
3دانشیار گروه جغرافیا، دانشگاه هرمزگان، ایران. | ||
4دانشیار گروه علوم زمین، دانشگاه تولسا، اوکلاهاما. | ||
چکیده | ||
در این مطالعه برای بررسی تخریب اراضی در استان فارس از تأثیر شاخص خشکسالی SPI بر شاخص کارایی مصرف آب (WUE) استفاده گردید. برای محاسبۀ WUE از محصولات تولید ناخالص اولیه (GPP) و تبخیر و تعرق (ET) حاصل از سنجندۀ مودیس استفاده شد و از دادههای بارندگی ایستگاههای هواشناسی، شاخص خشکسالی SPI محاسبه گردید. سپس روند تغییرات شاخص GPP، ET، WUE و SPI در بازۀ زمانی 2017-2001 با استفاده از رگرسیون خطی محاسبه و بهدنبال آن، از عکسالعمل شاخص WUE به خشکسالی، تخریب اراضی و بیابانزایی در کاربریهای مختلف، با استفاده از آنالیز همبستگی مورد ارزیابی قرار گرفت. نتایج نشان داد که شاخصهای ET، GPP، WUE و خشکسالی در این بازۀ زمانی 17 ساله به ترتیب 25/75 ،9/29، 51/78 و 23/67 درصد افزایش یافتهاند. بررسی تأثیر خشکسالی بر WUE در کاربریهای اراضی کشاورزی و گراسلند نشان داد که رابطۀ مثبت بین این دو شاخص به ترتیب در 9/75 و 87 درصد از این کاربریها دیده میشود که از این مقادیر بهترتیب 7/4 و 6/7 درصد رابطۀ معنیداری را نشان میدهد، این درحالی است که در مابقی مساحت این کاربریها این اثرگذاری منفی میباشد. اثرپذیری WUE از خشکسالی در بوتهزار نشان دهندۀ رابطۀ مثبت در 9/40 درصد از مساحت این کاربری است که تنها 9/0 درصد آن، رابطۀ معنیدار است. رابطۀ منفی این کاربری در حدود 1/59 درصد از مساحت آن دیده شد، که از این مقدار تنها 6/1 درصد معنیدار میباشد. بررسی این رابطه در کاربری ساوانا نشان داد که 75 درصد از این کاربری رابطۀ منفی با خشکسالی داشته و مساحت باقی مانده رابطۀ مثبت با خشکسالی نشان داده است. شرایط اقلیمی خاص اکوسیستمهایخشک و نیمهخشک باعث واکنش سریع تولید گیاهان به خشکسالی میشوند. بنابراین با بررسی و تجزیه و تحلیل واکنش تولید گیاهان به خشکسالی در این اکوسیستمها، میتوان تخریب اراضی و بیابانزایی را به خوبی مورد بررسی قرار داد. | ||
کلیدواژهها | ||
تخریب اراضی؛ استان فارس؛ سنجندۀ مودیس؛ تولید ناخالص اولیه؛ تبخیر و تعرق | ||
مراجع | ||
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