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تحلیل و شناسایی مولفه های ناپایداری حوضه های آبریز ایران (کاربرد شاخص فقر آبی در مقیاس حوضه آبریز) | ||
| تحقیقات اقتصاد و توسعه کشاورزی ایران | ||
| دوره 54، شماره 2، تیر 1402، صفحه 471-485 اصل مقاله (1.03 M) | ||
| نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22059/ijaedr.2020.284139.668782 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| زهرا کیانی فیض اباد1؛ سعید یزدانی* 2؛ حبیب اله سلامی1؛ غلامرضا پیکانی1 | ||
| 1گروه اقتصاد کشاورزی، دانشکده اقتصاد و توسعه کشاورزی، دانشگاه تهران، کرج، ایران | ||
| 2گروه اقتصاد کشاورزی، دانشکده اقتصاد و توسعه کشاورزی، دانشگاه تهران، کرج، ایران. | ||
| چکیده | ||
| ایران در منطقه فرونشینی توده‌های هوا در چرخه آب و هوایی نیم‌کره شمالی زمین قرار گرفته است، به همین دلیل بیش از دو سوم از پهنۀ آن دارای آب و هوای خشک و نیمه خشک می‌باشد. کاهش سرانه منابع آب تجدیدشونده، گسترش منابع آلوده‌کننده آب، اضافه برداشت از سفره-های آب زیرزمینی عمده چالش‌های موجود در بخش منابع آب ایران بشمار رفته و حوضه‌های آبریز کشور را در شرایط ناپایدار قرار داده است. این مطالعه به دنبال شناخت عوامل اثرگذار بر ناپایداری به سنجش وضعیت حوضه‌های آبریز کشور از لحاظ فقر آبی می‌پردازد. برای این منظور از اطلاعات اجتماعی، اقتصادی و زیست‌محیطی سال 1395 وضعیت پایداری حوضه‌های آبریز کشور و عوامل اثرگذار مشخص شده است. به طور کلی، نتایج نشان می‌دهد، میانگین شاخص فقر آبی در کل حوضه‌های آبریز کشور برابر با 73/43 است. در این میان مؤلفۀ منابع و مصرف با 24/19 و 85/36 کم‌ترین مقادیر را در میان مؤلفه‌ها دارا هستند. همچنین بر اساس رتبه‌بندی شاخص فقر آبی، حوضه‌های آبریز کویر درانجیر، بلوچستان جنوبی، هامون جازموریان، قره‌سو و گرگان، کل- مهران و بندرعباس-سدیج ناپایدار و حوضه‌های آبریز سفیدرود بزرگ، مرزی غرب، دریاچه ارومیه و کارون بزرگ فاقد تنش آبی بوده و دارای پایداری کامل آبی هستند. با توجه به نتایج، پیشنهاد می‌شود تا در راستای برقراری مدیریت یکپارچۀ منابع آب با استفاده از رویکردهای جامع‌نگر به ارزیابی وضعیت منابع آبی مناطق پرداخته شود | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها | ||
| پایداری آب؛ شاخص فقر آبی؛ حوضه های آبریز ایران | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| Analyze and Identification Components of Instability in Iranian Basins (Application of Water Poverty Index in Basin Scale) | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| Zahra Kiani Feyzabad1؛ Saeid Yazdani2؛ Habibollah Salami1؛ gholam reza Peykani1 | ||
| 1Department of agricultural economics, Faculty of Economics an Agricultural Development, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran | ||
| 2Department of agricultural economics, Faculty of Economics an Agricultural Development, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| Iran is located in a part of the Northern Hemisphere climate cycle where there is air mass subsidence; as a result, over two-thirds of this country has arid and semi-arid climate. The main challenges facing Iran water resources are the annual decline in renewable water resources, increase in the number of water pollutants, and aquifer over-exploitation, putting drainage basins in a precarious position. In keeping with this, the present paper studied the factors affecting this instability in Iran’s drainage basins in terms of water poverty. To this end, using water poverty index (WPI) of Iran’s drainage basins and the affecting factors, social, economic, and environmental data were collected for 2016. Results revealed that the average WPI in all the drainage basins is 43.73. Among the components, resources and consumption have the lowest values, i.e. 19.24 and 36.85, respectively. In terms of WPI ranking, the basins of Daranjir Desert, South-Baluchistan, Hamun-e Jaz Murian, Qara Su and Gorgan, Kal and Mehran, Bandar Abbas, and Sedij are precarious and instable, and the basins of Sefidrood, Persian Gulf (western border), lake Urmiah, and Karun lack water deficit stress and have yield stability. Therefore, the author(s) recommend that the study and examination of water resources be conducted using holistic approaches in order to establish integrated management of water resources. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها [English] | ||
| Water Sustainability, Water Poverty Index, Iran's basins | ||
| مراجع | ||
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