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اثر تنش خشکی و مصرف کودهای آلی بر عملکرد و اجزای عملکرد سیبزمینی (مطالعه موردی استان اصفهان) | ||
تحقیقات آب و خاک ایران | ||
دوره 52، شماره 2، اردیبهشت 1400، صفحه 483-495 اصل مقاله (1.06 M) | ||
نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22059/ijswr.2021.309642.668730 | ||
نویسندگان | ||
مجتبی یحیی آبادی* ؛ محسن دهقانی | ||
عضو هیأت علمی مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی اصفهان، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، اصفهان، ایران | ||
چکیده | ||
به منظور بررسی تاثیر کودهای مختلف آلی بر عملکرد و برخی ویژگیهای فیزیولوژیک سیبزمینی در شرایط تنش خشکی، آزمایشی به صورت کرتهای یک بار خرد شده درقالب طرح بلوکهای کامل تصادفی با سه تکرار در سال 1397 در منطقه براآن اصفهان اجرا شد. تیمارهای اعمال شده، شامل تنش خشکی بر اساس کسری از ظرفیت زراعی و یا تخلیه مجاز رطوبتی (45 درصد کاهش رطوبتی به عنوان شاهد، 55، 65 و 75 درصد کاهش رطوبتی درکرتهای اصلی) و تیمار کودهای آلی شامل ورمیکمپوست (7 تن در هکتار)، کمپوست زباله شهری (15 تن در هکتار)، کود دامی (50 تن در هکتار) و شاهد (بدون مصرف کود) در کرتهای فرعی، قرار گرفتند. نتایج نشان داد تنش خشکی باعث کاهش عملکرد و اجزای آن و کاهش میزان کلروفیل برگ شد (01/0≥p). مقایسه میانگینها نشان داد که عملکرد سیبزمینی در تیمار ورمیکمپوست و بدون تنش خشکی، به 33 تن در هکتار رسید. برهمکنش تیمار ورمیکمپوست و آبیاری پس از 65 درصد تخلیه ظرفیت زراعی (کاهش 20 درصد از آب مصرفی)، منجر به تولید کل سیبزمینی (23 تن در هکتار) شد. در این شرایط تنش، تیمار کمپوست نیز موجب تولید سیبزمینی به میزان 21 تن در هکتار گردید. در برهمکنش ورمیکمپوست و آبیاری پس از 75 درصد تخلیه مجاز رطوبتی خاک (کاهش 30 درصد از آب مصرفی)، کلروفیل برگ به 12 میلیگرم در گرم رسید که وضعیتی هم سطح با عدم کاربرد ورمیکمپوست در تیمار بدون تنش خشکی ایجاد شد. همچنین بیشترین میزان پرولین در برهمکنش تیمار تنش خشکی 65 درصد تخلیه مجاز رطوبتی و تیمارهای کمپوست و ورمی کمپوست بترتیب با 2/21 و 24 میلیگرم در گرم اندازه گیری شد. در مجموع، با کاربرد کودهای آلی میتوان به کاهش اثرات منفی تنش خشکی، کمک کرد. | ||
کلیدواژهها | ||
کم آبیاری؛ ورمی کمپوست؛ کمپوست؛ کود دامی؛ سیب زمینی | ||
مراجع | ||
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