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ارزیابی مزرعهای کاربرد بور و نیتروژن بر عملکرد و خصوصیات کیفی پنبه رقم ورامین در یک خاک آهکی | ||
| به زراعی کشاورزی | ||
| مقاله 8، دوره 23، شماره 1، فروردین 1400، صفحه 101-111 اصل مقاله (501.99 K) | ||
| نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22059/jci.2020.296033.2340 | ||
| نویسنده | ||
| محسن سیلسپور* | ||
| استادیار، بخش تحقیقات کشت گلخانه‌ای، مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی استان تهران، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، ورامین، ایران | ||
| چکیده | ||
| در آزمایشی مزرعهای، اثرات کاربرد نیتروژن و بوربر کمی و کیفی پنبه رقم ورامین در مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی استان تهران مطالعه گردید. آزمایش به‌صورت فاکتوریل در قالب طرح بلوک‌های کامل تصادفی با سه تکرار در سال 1395 اجرا شد. نیتروژن با چهار سطح (صفر، 100، 200 و 300 کیلوگرم در هکتار) به‌عنوان عامل اصلی و بور با سه سطح (بدون برگ‌پاشی، یک بار برگ‌پاشی و دو بار برگ‌پاشی) به‌عنوان عامل فرعی در نظر گرفته شد. اثرات ساده نیتروژن و بور و اثر متقابل نیتروژن و بور بر صفات کمی پنبه شامل میانگین تعداد غوزه در بوته، میانگین وزن غوزه، عملکرد وش و الیاف، درصد کیل و صفات کیفی شامل طول و استحکام الیاف معنیدار بود. بالاترین عملکرد وش (5233 کیلوگرم در هکتار)، عملکرد الیاف (2080 کیلوگرم در هکتار)، درصد کیل (40)، طول الیاف (3/31 میلیمتر)، استحکام الیاف (7/29 گرم بر تکس) از کاربرد 200 کیلوگرم نیتروژن در هکتار همراه با دو بار برگ‌پاشی بور حاصل شد. بین خصوصیات کیفی الیاف با نیتروژن همبستگی وجود داشت که رابطه رگرسیون آن از معادله درجه دو پیروی میکرد. نتایج نشان داد که در خاکهایی که کم‌تر از 5/0 میلیگرم در کیلوگرم بور داشته باشند و ذخیره کربن آلی آن‌ها کم‌تر از 81/0 درصد باشد، مصرف نیتروژن و بور باعث افزایش معنیدار عملکرد وش و الیاف پنبه میشود و خصوصیات کیفی الیاف نیز ارتقا مییابد. بنابراین، در چنین خاکهایی مصرف 200 کیلوگرم نیتروژن خالص همراه با دو بار برگ‌پاشی بور با غلظت پنج در هزار از منبع اسید بوریک در مرحله گلدهی و دو هفته پس از آن، توصیه میشود. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها | ||
| پنبه؛ بور؛ الیاف؛ عملکرد؛ نیتروژن | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| THE EFFECTS OF NITROGEN AND BORON ON QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE PARAMETERS OF COTTON | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| Mohsen Seilsepour | ||
| Assistant Professor, Greenhouse Cultivation Research Department, Tehran Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, AREEO, Varamin, Iran | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| In a field experiment, the effects from application of nitrogen and boron on quantitative and qualitative characteristics of Varamin cotton variety have been studied at Tehran Agricultural and Natural Resources Research Center in 2016. The experiment has been carried out, using a randomized complete block design with factorial arrangement with three replications, with the main factor being nitrogen at four levels (0, 100, 200, and 300 kg ha-1) and the sub-factor, involving boron at three levels (no leaf spray, one leaf spray, and two leaf spray). The effects of nitrogen and boron and the interaction of nitrogen and boron on the quantitative traits of cotton, namely the mean number of bolls per plant, average boll weight, fiber yield, and fiber gin out, with the qualitative traits including fiber length and strength. Highest seedcotton yield (5233 kg ha-1), fiber yield (2080 kg ha-1), fiber percentage (40%), fiber length (31.3 mm), and fiber strength (29.7 g/textile) belong to 200 kg N per hectare and twice spraying of boron. There is a correlation between the qualitative properties of the fibers and nitrogen, whose regression relation follows the quadratic equation. Results show that in soils with less than 0.5 mg/kg boron and less than 0.81% organic carbon storage, nitrogen and boron application significantly increases seedcotton and fiber yield and the fiber quality is also improved. Therefore, in such soils, it is recommended to utilize 200 kg N with two times of foliar boron application from boric acid source with a concentration of five per thousand at flowering stage for two weeks thereafter. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها [English] | ||
| boron, cotton, fiber, seedcotton yield, Nitrogen | ||
| مراجع | ||
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