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رضائی, علی, ارزانی, کاظم, ساریخانی, سعادت. (1399). ارزیابی مورفولوژیک و شناسایی ژنوتیپ‌های برتر گردو (‏Juglans regia L.‎‏) ‏در شمال استان همدان، ایران. , 51(2), 441-457. doi: 10.22059/ijhs.2019.277210.1609
علی رضائی; کاظم ارزانی; سعادت ساریخانی. "ارزیابی مورفولوژیک و شناسایی ژنوتیپ‌های برتر گردو (‏Juglans regia L.‎‏) ‏در شمال استان همدان، ایران". , 51, 2, 1399, 441-457. doi: 10.22059/ijhs.2019.277210.1609
رضائی, علی, ارزانی, کاظم, ساریخانی, سعادت. (1399). 'ارزیابی مورفولوژیک و شناسایی ژنوتیپ‌های برتر گردو (‏Juglans regia L.‎‏) ‏در شمال استان همدان، ایران', , 51(2), pp. 441-457. doi: 10.22059/ijhs.2019.277210.1609
رضائی, علی, ارزانی, کاظم, ساریخانی, سعادت. ارزیابی مورفولوژیک و شناسایی ژنوتیپ‌های برتر گردو (‏Juglans regia L.‎‏) ‏در شمال استان همدان، ایران. , 1399; 51(2): 441-457. doi: 10.22059/ijhs.2019.277210.1609

ارزیابی مورفولوژیک و شناسایی ژنوتیپ‌های برتر گردو (‏Juglans regia L.‎‏) ‏در شمال استان همدان، ایران

علوم باغبانی ایران
دوره 51، شماره 2، شهریور 1399، صفحه 441-457    اصل مقاله (1004.28 K)
نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی
شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22059/ijhs.2019.277210.1609
نویسندگان
علی رضائی1؛ کاظم ارزانی* 2؛ سعادت ساریخانی3
1دانش‌آموخته کارشناسی ارشد، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه تربیت مدرس
2استاد، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه تربیت مدرس
3استادیار، پردیس ابوریحان دانشگاه تهران، پاکدشت، ایران
چکیده
این پژوهش با هدف ارزیابی تنوع فنولوژیک، مورفولوژیک و پومولوژیک ژنوتیپ­های گردو در شمال استان همدان، طی سال­های باغی 96-1395 انجام شد. بدین منظور، تعداد 84 ژنوتیپ انتخاب و براساس دو توصیف­نامه IPGRI و UPOVمورد ارزیابی قرار گرفتند، که پس از دو سال ارزیابی تعداد 12 ژنوتیپ به‌عنوان ژنوتیپ برتر انتخاب گردید. نتایج به‌دست‌آمده از مطالعات فنولوژیک نشان داد که ژنوتیپ HaRaToMa23، با 23 روز تاخیر برگدهی نسبت به ژنوتیپ استاندارد مرجع، دیربرگده­ترین ژنوتیپ بود. به­علاوه سه ژنوتیپ HaRaSuSh1، HaRaToMa24 و HaRaVaAh17 هموگام بودند. براساس مطالعات پومولوژیک وزن دانه، مغز و درصد مغز در ژنوتیپ­های برتر به ترتیب از 60/95-22/12 گرم، 56/11-82/6 گرم و 47/59-15/47 درصد متغیر بود، کم­ترین میزان ضخامت پوست سخت (77/0 میلی­متر) در بین ژنوتیپ­های برتر شناسایی‌شده مربوط به ژنوتیپ HaRaVaAh9 بود و ژنوتیپ HaRaSuSh1 دارای بیش­ترین میزان وزن دانه و مغز و ژنوتیپ HaRaSuSh2 دارای بیشترین درصد مغز بود. ژنوتیپ­های برتر انتخابی دارای عادت باردهی جانبی بودند که رنگ مغز دانه آن­ها از روشن تا بسیار روشن متغیر بود که به راحتی از پوست سخت قابل تشخیص بود. براساس نتایج به‌دست‌آمده، همبستگی مثبت و معنی­داری (**96/0=r) در سطح احتمال یک درصد بین صفات تاریخ برگدهی و تاریخ برداشت، عملکرد درخت با وزن دانه (** 63/0=r) و درصد باردهی جانبی (**73/0=r) در سطح احتمال یک درصد مشاهده گردید. به­طور کلی و براساس نتایج به‌دست‌آمده، ژنوتیپ­های برتر انتخابی از نظر بسیاری از صفات مهم اصلاحی نسبت به ارقام تجاری برتر بودند که می­تواند در برنامه­های اصلاحی در راستای معرفی رقم های جدید استفاده شود.
کلیدواژه‌ها
تنوع ژنتیکی؛ ژنوتیپ؛ صفات پومولوژیک؛ گردوی ایرانی
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