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تبیین کارکرد مؤلفههای جغرافیایی و ژئوپلیتیکی شکل گیری روابط در منطقة ژئوپلیتیک امریکای لاتین | ||
پژوهشهای جغرافیای انسانی | ||
مقاله 18، دوره 52، شماره 2، تیر 1399، صفحه 709-732 اصل مقاله (1.6 M) | ||
نوع مقاله: مقاله علمی پژوهشی | ||
شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22059/jhgr.2020.295229.1008058 | ||
نویسندگان | ||
مصطفی مظاهری1؛ کیومرث یزدان پناه درو* 2؛ حسن کامران2 | ||
1دانشجوی دکتری جغرافیای سیاسی، دانشگاه تهران | ||
2دانشیار جغرافیای سیاسی، دانشگاه تهران | ||
چکیده | ||
وقایع سالهای اخیر در بیشتر مناطق جهان حاکی از آن است که عوامل جغرافیایی و مؤلفههای ژئوپلیتیکی از بسترهای مهم و اثرگذار در شکلگیری کیفیت روابط بین کشورها برای دستیابی به اهداف و منافع ملیاست. از جملةاین مناطق،منطقةژئوپلیتیک امریکای لاتین است که چشمانداز سیاسی-امنیتی آن دارای عوامل متعددی است که برخی از آنها در شرایط جغرافیایی و ژئوپلیتیکی منطقه نهفته است. با توجه به چنین اهمیتی، نگارندگان در مقالةحاضر با ماهیت کاربردی و استفاده از روش تحلیلی- تبیینی درصدد برآمدهاندکارکرد عوامل جغرافیایی و ژئوپلیتیکی بین واحدهای سیاسی امریکای لاتین در مقیاس منطقهای را ارزیابی کنند.براساس نتایج این بررسی،روابط ژئوپلیتیک در کشورهای امریکای لاتینعمدتاً تحت تأثیر مؤلفههای جغرافیایی و ژئوپلیتیکی مختلفی چون عامل مجاورت، تعداد همسایگان، ژئوپلیتیک منابع،ژئوپلیتیک گردشگری، و اتحادیههای منطقهای قرار دارد و تحت تأثیر همین عناصرروابط مسالمتآمیز در سطح منطقهای حاکم بوده و رویکرد غالب روابط ژئوپلیتیک منطقه بر مبنای الگوی تعامل شکل گرفته است. دورنمای آینده حاکی از آن است که کشورهای امریکای لاتین و خصوصاً برزیل،بهعنوان رهبر منطقه، قادر به تنظیم تعاملات پایدار و مدیریت راهبردی است و همچنین،با توجه به تجانس تاریخی- فرهنگی و آرام بودن فضای این منطقه،زمینههای لازم برای ایجاد هویت منطقهای فراگیر و مشترک فراهم است که تحت این شرایط منطقةمذکور بر وضعیت کنونی خود،که در حاشیةژئوپلیتیکی است، غلبه کرده و به مرحلة یکپارچگی خواهد رسید و الگوی روابط ژئوپلیتیک آن مبتنی بر رابطةتداوم شکل خواهد گرفت وآن هم باعث افزایش وزن ژئوپلیتیکی منطقه و هماوایی بیشتر آن با تحولات نظام ژئوپلیتیک پیرامونی و جهانی خواهد شد. | ||
کلیدواژهها | ||
امریکای لاتین؛ روابط ژئوپلیتیک؛ عناصر ژئوپلیتیکی؛ عوامل جغرافیایی؛ منطقة ژئوپلیتیک | ||
مراجع | ||
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