تأثیر بتائین بر غلظت خونی هموسیستئین، آنزیم‌های آنتی‌اکسیدانی و شاخص پراکسیداسیون در میش‌های آبستن نژاد سنجابی

1. Alirezaei M, Gheisari HR, Ranjbar VR and Hajibemani A (2012) Betaine: a promising
antioxidant agent for enhancement of broiler meat quality. British Poultry Science 53(5): 699-707.
2. Alirezaei M, Jelodar G, Niknam P, Ghayemi Z and Nazifi S (2011) Betaine prevents ethanolinduced oxidative stress and reduces total homocysteine in the rat cerebellum. Journal of Physiology and Biochemistry 67: 605-612.
3. AOAC, 2004. Official Methods of Analysis. Association of Official Analytical Chemists, Arlington VA, USA.
4. Aurousseau B, Gruffat D and Durand D (2006) Gestation linked radical oxygen species fluxes and vitamins and trace mineral deficiencies in the ruminant. Reproduction Nutrition Development 46(6): 601-620.
5. Deminice R, da Silva RP, Lamarre SG, Kelly KB, Jacobs RL, Brosnan ME and Brosnan JT (2015) Betaine supplementation prevents fatty liver induced by a high-fat diet: effects on one-carbon metabolism. Amino Acids 47(4): 839-846.
6. Eklund M, Bauer E, Wamatu J and Mosenthin R (2005) Potential nutritional and physiological functions of betaine in livestock. Nutrition Research Reveiws 18(1): 31-48.
7. Fernandez C, Mata C, Piquer O, Bacha F and de la Fuente JM (2009). Influence of betaine on goat milk yield and blood metabolites. Tropical and Subtropical Agroecosystems 11: 209-213.
8. Fernandez C, Sanchez-Seiquer P, Sanchez A, Contreras A and de la Fuente JM (2004) Influence of betaine on milk yield and composition in primiparous lactating dairy goats. Small Ruminant Research 52(1): 37-43.
9. Garrel C, Fowler PA and Al-Gubory KH (2010) Developmental changes in antioxidant enzymatic defences against oxidative stress in  sheep placentomes. Journal of Endocrinology 205(1): 107-116.

10. Haddad JJ (2002) Antioxidant and prooxidant mechanisms in the regulation of redox(y)- sensitive transcription factors. Cell Signal 14(11): 879-897.
11. King JH, Kwan ST, Yan J, Klatt KC, Jiang X, Roberson MS and Caudill MA (2017) Maternal choline supplementation alters fetal growth patterns in a Mouse model of placental insufficiency. Nutrition 9: 1 16.
12. Lu SC (2009) Regulation of glutathione synthesis. Molecular aspects of medicine 30(1- 2): 42-59.
13. Lu SC (2013) Glutathione synthesis. Biochimicaet biophysica acta 1830(5): 3143-3153.
14. McCann MA (2005) Body condition scoring ewes and late gestation nutrition. https://www.apsc.vt.edu/ content/dam/apscvtedu/extension/sheep/programs/sh epherds-symposium/2005/11bodycondition.pdf
15. Mitchell AD, Chappell A and Knox KL (1979) Metabolism of betaine in the ruminant. Journal of Animal Science 49(3): 764-774.
16. Monteiro APA, Bernard JK, Guo JR, Weng XS, Emanuele S, Davis R, Dahl GE and Tao S (2017) Effects of feeding betaine-containing liquid supplement to transition dairy cows. Journal of Dairy Science 100(2): 1063-1071.
17. Morsy WA, Hassan RA and Abd El-Lateif AI (2012) Effect of dietary ascorbic acid and betaine supplementation on productivity of rabbit does under high ambient temprature. Proceedings 10th World Rabbit Congress.Egypt. Pp. 279-283.
18. Mutinati M, Piccinno M, Roncetti M, Campanile D, Rizzo A and Sciorsci R (2013) Oxidative stress during pregnancy in the sheep. Reproduction inDomestic Animals 48(3): 353-357.
19. Myatt L (2006) Placental adaptive responses and fetal programming. Journal of Physiology 572(1): 25-30.
20. NRC (2007) Nutrient Requirment of Small Ruminants: Sheep, Goats, Cervies, and New World Camelids. The National Academies Press, Washington, D.C.
21. Obeid R (2013) The metabolic burden of methyl donor deficiency with focus on the betaine homocysteine methyltransferase pathway. Nutrients 5(9): 3481-3495.
22. Paglia DE and Valentine WN (1967) Studies on the quantitative and qualitative characterization of erythrocyte glutathione peroxidase. The Journal of Laboratory Clinical Medicine 70(1): 158-169.

23. Peterson S, Rezamand P, Williams E, Price W, Chahine M and McGuire M (2012) Effects of dietary betaine on milk yield and milk composition of mid-lactation Holstein dairy cows. Journal of Dairy Science 95(11): 6557-6562.
24. Placer ZA, Cushman LL and Johnson BC (1966) Estimation of product of lipid peroxidation (malonyl dialdehyde) in biochemical systems. Analytical Biochemistry 16(2): 359-364.
25. Sies H (1997) Oxidative stress: oxidants and antioxidants. Experimental Physiology 82(2): 291-295.
26. Tsiplakou E, Mavrommatis A, Kalogeropoulos T, Chatzikonstantinou M, Koutsouli P, Sotirakoglou K, Labrou N and Zervas G (2017) The effect of dietary supplementation with rumen‐protected methionine alone or in combination with rumen‐protected choline and betaine on sheep milk and antioxidant capacity. Journal of Animal Physiology and Animal Nutrition 101(5): 1004-1013.
27. Van Soest PJ, Robertson JB and Lewis BA (1991) Methods for dietary fiber, neutral  detergent fiber, and nonstarch polysaccharides in relation to animal nutrition. Journal of Dairy Science 74(10): 3583-3597.

28. Wang C, Liu Q, Yang WZ, Wu J, Zhang WW, Zhang P, Dong KH and Huang YX (2010) Effects of betaine supplementation on rumen fermentation, lactation performance, feed digestibilities and plasma characteristics in dairy cows. The Journal of Agricultural Science 148(4): 487-495.
29. Zhang L, Ying SJ, An WJ, Lian H, Zhou GB and Han ZY (2014) Effects of dietary betaine supplementation subjected to heat stress on milk performances and physiology indices in dairy cow. Genetics and Molecular Research 13(3): 7577-7586.
30. Zhang B, Denomme MM, White CR, Leung KY, Lee MB, Greene ND, Mann MR, Trasler JM and Baltz JM (2015). Both the folate cycle and betaine-homocysteine methyltransferase contribute methyl groups for DNA methylation in mouse blastocysts. FASEB Journal 29: 1069-1079.