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بررسی امکان استفاده از شبدر ایرانی بعنوان گیاه پوششی همراه در کلزا برای کنترل علف های هرز | ||
| به زراعی کشاورزی | ||
| مقاله 1، دوره 21، شماره 4، دی 1398، صفحه 337-351 اصل مقاله (1.37 M) | ||
| نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22059/jci.2019.278305.2198 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| مجتبی خزائی1؛ علیرضا تاب* 2 | ||
| 1دانشجوی دکتری، گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه ایلام، ایلام، ایران | ||
| 2استادیار، گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه ایلام، ایلام، ایران | ||
| چکیده | ||
| به‌منظور بررسی اثر شبدر ایرانی (Trifolium resupinatum L.) به‌عنوان گیاه پوششی در کنترل علفهایهرز کلزای پاییزه، آزمایشی بصورت مزرعه‌ای در قالب طرح بلوک کامل تصادفی با چهار تکرار در سال زراعی 1397-1396 در کیلومتر 35 نهاوند اجرا شد. شش تیمار شامل کاشت کلزای خالص (با و بدون علف هرز) و کلزا همراه با 25، 50، 75 و 100 درصد میزان کشت مطلوب شبدر (50 کیلوگرم در هکتار) به صورت افزایشی بودند. نتایج نشان داد که کاربرد گیاه پوششی اثر معنی داری در کاهش تراکم و وزن خشک علفهایهرز در مقایسه با شاهد (تداخل تمام فصل با علف‌های هرز) دارد. به‌طوریکه تیمارهای کلزا+25، 50، 75 و 100 درصد تراکم مطلوب شبدر ایرانی توانست تراکم علفهایهرز را به ترتیب 63، 66، 80، 91 درصد کاهش دهد. تیمارهای یاد شده به ترتیب سبب 35، 51، 58، 75 درصد کاهش وزن خشک علف های‌هرز شدند. عملکرد دانه در تیمارهای کلزا به همراه شبدر پایین تر از تیمار کلزای خالص بدون علف‌هرز بود اما در تیمارهای کلزا+75 و 100 درصد شبدر بالاتر از تیمار کلزای آلوده به علف‌هرز بود به‌طوریکه نسبت برابری زمین در این تیمارها به ترتیب 92/0 و 09/1 بودند. همچنین محتوی روغن در تمام تیمارهای کلزا به همراه شبدر با تیمار کلزای خالص بدون علف‌هرز برابر و بالاتر از تیمار کلزای آلوده به علف‌هرز بود. در نتیجه استفاده از شبدر ایرانی بهمراه کلزا می‌تواند به‌عنوان یک استراتژی کارا در مدیریت غیرشیمیایی علفهایهرز مورد توجه قرارگیرد که ممکن است منجر به خدمات اکوسیستمی نظیر تثبیت نیتروژن و افزایش ماده آلی خاک نیز شود. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها | ||
| تراکم علفهایهرز؛ خدمات اکوسیستم؛ محتوی روغن؛ عملکرد کلزا؛ مدیریت غیرشیمیایی علف هرز | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| Study the possibility of using undersown persian clover in oilseed rape for weed control | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| Mojtaba Khazaie1؛ Alireza Taab2 | ||
| 1Ph. D. Candidate, Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, Faculty of Agriculture, Ilam University, Ilam, Iran | ||
| 2Assistant Professor, Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, Faculty of Agriculture, Ilam University, Ilam, Iran | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| A field experiment was carried out to investigate the effect of Persian clover (Trifolium resupinatum L.) as an undersown cover crop on weed control in winter oilseed rape. The experiment was conducted in a randomized complete block design with four replications in Nahavand region (km: 35) of Iran during 2017-2018. The treatments were included oilseed rape with four levels of Persian clover density (25, 50, 75 and 100 percentages of the optimum sowing rate) and two levels of weed management (weedy and weed-free). The results showed that the undresown Persian clover has a significant effect on reducing the density and aboveground dry weight of the weeds compared to the control. Oilseed rape + 25, 50, 75 and 100 percentages of Persian clover sowing rate, respectively, caused 63, 66, 80 and 91 percent reduction in weed density. The same treatments also caused 35, 51, 58 and 75 percent reduction in weed aboveground dry weight, respectively. Oilseed rape yield undersown with Persian clover was lower than oilseed rape in weed free treatment. However, oilseed rape yield in oilseed rape +75 and 100 percentages of Persian clover sowing rate was higher than oilseed rape weed infested treatment. The percentages of oil seed content in oilseed rape in all treatments undersown with Persian clover was equal to oilseed rape weed free treatment and higher than oilseed rape weed infested treatment. The land equivalent ratio in oilseed rape +75 and 100 percentages of Persian clover sowing rate was 0.92 and 1.09, respectively. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها [English] | ||
| Ecosystem services, non-chemical weed management, oil content, rapeseed yield, weeds density | ||
| مراجع | ||
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