پیوندهای مفید
اخبار و اعلانات
آمار
| تعداد نشریات | 158 |
| تعداد شماره‌ها | 6,230 |
| تعداد مقالات | 67,757 |
| تعداد مشاهده مقاله | 115,115,758 |
| تعداد دریافت فایل اصل مقاله | 89,883,051 |
تبیین تمایزات حریم‌خواهی ساکنان در مسکن بومی چهار پهنه اقلیمی ایران | ||
| پژوهشهای جغرافیای انسانی | ||
| مقاله 15، دوره 52، شماره 3، مهر 1399، صفحه 1031-1053 اصل مقاله (1.55 M) | ||
| نوع مقاله: مقاله علمی پژوهشی | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22059/jhgr.2019.261800.1007742 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| فاطمه برادران هروی1؛ مهدی حمزه نژاد* 2 | ||
| 1کارشناس ارشد معماری اسلامی، دانشگاه بینالمللی امام رضا(ع)، خراسان رضوی | ||
| 2استادیار دانشکدة معماری و شهرسازی، دانشگاه علم و صنعت ایران، تهران | ||
| چکیده | ||
| طب کهن نیازهای جسمی و خلقی انسان در اقلیمهای مختلف را براساس مزاج غالب مناطق متفاوت میداند. معماری در صدد ایجاد ساختمانی پاسخگو به نیازهای آسایشی و فرهنگی منطبق با مزاج در خانه اقلیمهای مختلف است. نیاز حریم و سلسلهمراتب فضای زیست و تأکید بر قلمرو و شیوة تعامل اجتماعی یکی از همین ابعاد فرهنگی و روانی است. مطالعات قدیم و جدید آن را تحت اثر مزاج منطقه تا حدودی متفاوت دانستهاند. این پژوهش، با بررسی پیکرهبندی حریم فضایی خانهها در چهار اقلیم، تفاوتهای مزاجی حریم با راهکارهای آن را مییابد. روش پژوهش موردی با راهبرد ترکیبی (روشهای توصیفی-تحلیلی در گونهشناسی، استدلال منطقی، تفسیر دادهها با مبانی مزاج، و شخصیتشناسی) و تعمیم دادههاست. مطالعةاسناد معماری، با انتخاب شهرهای مبنا(با مقایسة دما، رطوبت نسبی در نمودار بیوکلماتیک انسانی، و ضریب خشکی دومارتن)،تفاوتهای معناداری را در درصد مساحت فضای بسته تا باز و خصوصی تا عمومی خانههای چهار اقلیم نشان داد. تفاوتهای کالبدی براساس روان‌شناسی و طب سنتی و جدید تفسیر شد. نتایج با حریم‌خواهی[1]خانههای اقلیم چهارگانة ایران از درجة 1 اقلیم گرم-خشک تا درجة 4(کمحریمترین) اقلیم سرد-مرطوب درجهبندی شد. شاخصة فرهنگی-کالبدی(سیالیت و شفافیت زیاد فضایی اقلیم سرد و مرطوب در مقابل درونگرایی اقلیم گرم-خشک) قابل توجه بود. پروفیل حریمی ساکنان خانههای چهار اقلیم براساس امنیت مطلوبشان رسم شد. دانش جغرافیای حریم انسانی به معماران برای تعبیة کالبدی همسو با نیاز حریمی ساکنان کمک میکند. [1]. ویژگی حریم‌خواهی معادل میزان تمایل افراد به داشتن حریم در مواجهه با دیگران و فضاهای کالبدی درنظر گرفته شده است. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها | ||
| اقلیم؛ حریم پذیری؛ خانه های سنتی (بومی)؛ مزاج اسلامی- شخصیت | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| Explaining The acceptable privacy differences of the habitants in the Iranian quadruple climates vernacular houses | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| fatemeh baradaran heravi1؛ mahdi hamzenejad2 | ||
| 1Masters student Islamic Architecture,Imam Reza university,Mashhsd.Iran | ||
| 2Assistante professor of Architecture School of Architecture and Environmental Design, Iran University of Science & Technology | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| Extended Abstract Humans are different in expectations, tendencies, sensational and physical requirements. Obviously, house is the best place for addressing these personal requirements. Generally, they divided into two main categories: functional and socio-cultural requirements. Functional requirements are included a set of activities and socio-cultural requirements are originated from psychological issues. One of the most important subject of these issues is consideration of privacy. Generally, Humans are social entities. Although, they tend to positive communications with others, they need quiet and intimate atmospheres, which has a suitable territory alongside variety of associations. Accordingly, this atmosphere known as a safe and comfortable place for associated people, because of these privacy requirements are different in variety of Iranian climates. Traditional health and temperament physicians such as Ibn Sina has clearly emphasized on the effective formation of cultural and climatic factors in houses. Ibn Sina mentions that human have different treats and natures based on physical features variation’s. Ultimately, differences in moral and physical characteristics lead humans to different and specific requirement. On of the most significant requirement is privacy. This privacy introduces by Privacy Psycology. Architectures have tried to find the best physical characteristics which able to liability of cultural-privacy requirements. These requirements can be fulfilled by temperament analysis in different climate at houses. In this paper, we are concentrate to recognize relation between diversity of human privacy requirement and we pay special attention to type houses of Iranian climates which privacy accepts to different way. Open-to-close places are considered by features’ houses in four climates. The level of acceptable privacy is graded in theirs. In following, privacy profile of houses drew up regarding on available privacy into these houses. Then, favorable privacy type of inhabitants recognized in four climate houses. Introduction Humans tend to different geographic locations who are placed in relevant temperament-personality categories, because they can respond to themselves privacy requirements in their houses. Eisenck divides humans into four groups, including stable and unstable introverted and stable and unstable extroverted and Iranian climate apply to four group which including warm and dry-cold and dry-warm and humid-cold and humid. Human in healthy traditional divide to four temperament category which including Biliary, Melancholy, demos and Swell temperament. Methodology This research concentrates on analogy of four climate houses privacy configuration in Iran (warm and dry, cold and dry, warm and humid, and cold and humid climate) with checking 15 number of temperature`s Meteorology Sinopetic Stations, Ralative humidity and De Martonne ratio. The datas arrange by Human Bioclimat figure had shown different feature of climate. A house selected which show the environmental features of climate in each climate category and did evaluation test. According to different personality-temperament categories, the adapted climate is introduced. Then, architectural documentation has been studied. Houses physical categorization was graded which located in four climates. These categories are included measures of open, semi-open and closed space. These spaces are categorized on founded the architectural design spaces applying private-to-public space, mass-to-volume ratio and wall-to-opening ratio. In following, space measurements conveyed to Auto Cad software. The sizes measured and evaluated based on the percentages of space overall surface. Results and discussion Traditional houses in four temperament categories are analyzed to regarding the four cultural characteristics including “transparency”, “introversion”, “fluidity” and relative scale of the open-to-closed space. It is possible to compare the physical differences which is mentioned in four climates in Iran, according to variety of habitants physical and personal characteristics. These characteristics (based on theory of Islamic medicine) refer to the personality traits of inhabitants founded on the fourfold diversity of Eisenck . Sequentially, acceptable privacy graded in four Iranian climates with concentration on the span of closed- coverage-to-open-coverage spaces. The first-to-four-level privacy is a sign which refer to the high to low rank of acceptable privacy spectrum. This spectrum can be explored spatial configuration of traditional houses where are located in Iranian climates. At first, the Consistency between the variety of configuration and the spatial organization of these houses can be prove. This consistenc are achieved based on diversity of inhabitants personality features that can be will represent house privacy patterns prominently. Environmental physical characteristics were effected on privacy requirements, after that, acceptable Privacy profile of houses was drawn in Iranian quadruple climates. In fowling way, these houses profiles interpreted based on the variety of human behaviors who placed in relevant personality-temperament category, next, these interpretations conclude to such privacy effective factors in houses. Finally, the level of habitants privacy with variety property of personality-temperament analyzed that can be provided privacy security in themselves houses in conjunction with studying of the level of acceptable privacy spectrum of Iranian four climates traditional estimated. Because of that the environmental impacts on ‘the human-privacy features’, then type of temperament and habitants personality obtained. Conclusion The level of houses privacy achieved, considering to the amount of attention to the open-to-close space, measuring the volume of the walls, the amount of attention to the private-to-public space in the four climate houses and …, based on variety of Iranian climates. The first (or high) degree of acceptable privacy is “Hot-Humid climate” houses. The second degree is “Cold-Dry” climate houses. The third degree is “Warm-Humid” climate houses. Ultimately, fourth degree (and most) shallow privacy is “Cold-Humid” climate houses. In the following, inhabitants personality type which are favorable to diversity climate determined by environmental effective factors that are directly sign on the inhabitants acceptable privacy. Respectively, the inhabitants of warm-dry climate are member of the first degree who are the highest privacy spectrum with Biliary(temperament). The second degree are the inhabitants of cold-dry climate with Melancholy(temperament). The third degree are the inhabitants of warm-humid climate with demos(temperament) and the fourth degree are the inhabitants of cold-humid climate with Swell temperament that are low privacy which compare to another category. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها [English] | ||
| Keywords: traditional homes, Privacy, Islamic temperament, Personality, Climate | ||
| مراجع | ||
19. Adenuga, R., 2013, Entrepreneurship, European Jounal of Business and Social Sciences, Vol. 1, No. 12, PP. 48-58. 20. Alizadeh, A., 2002, Principles of Applied Hydrology, Fourth Edition, Astan Quds Razavi Publishing, Imam Reza University. 21. Beck, J., 2011, The Psychology of Home: Why Where You Live Means So Much Available, http://www.theatlantic.com/health/archive/ 1/7/the-psychology-of-home-why-where-you live-means-so-much/ 94. 22. Choi, H.; Cho, J. and Kazda, P., 2010, The Effect of Culture Diffrences on Self Check-in Kiosk Use: An Empirical Study of Canadian Travells, International Journal of Tourism Science, Vol. 10, No. 2, PP. 117-152. 23. Farajzadeh, M., 2015, Climatology Techniques, Tehran: Samt Publishing. 24. Farokhyar, H., 2013, Hundred Homes, One Hundred Plans, Architectural Properties of Old Houses, Historical Texture of Hot and Dry Climate, Publication Islamic Azad University of Kashan Branch (in Persian). 25. Franziska, L.; Gorkan, A. and Reece, A., 2014, The Relationship between the Entrepreneurial Personality and the Big Five Personality Traits, Personality and Individual Differences, No. 63, PP. 58-63. 26. Funder, D. C., 1994, Explaining Traits, Psychol. Ing., Vol. 5, No. 2. 27. Ghafari, M.; Taslimi Baboli, A. and Mohamadi Sadr, M., 2014, Studying Impact of Personality Traits on Intention to Entrepreneurship between University of Isfahan's Personnel, Middle-East Journal of Scientific Research, Vol. 19, No. 11, PP. 1432-1438. Iran Meteorological Organization Archive, Available On: www. weather.ir. 28. Ghezelbash, M. and Abolzia, F., 1985, The alphabet of the traditional Yazd house, Publishing Ministry of Planning and Budget, Tehran (in Persian). 29. Ghobadian, V., 2011, Climate study of traditional Iranian buildings, Vol. 7, Tehran: Publishing Tehran University (in Persian). 30. Grotter, J. K., 2009, Architectural Aesthetics, Edited by: J. Pakzad and A. Homayoun, Shahid Beheshti University Press. 31. Haeri Mazandarani, M. R., 2011, Home-culture-nature, the study of the architecture of historical and contemporary houses in order to elaborate the process and design criteria of the home, Tehran: Publication Center for Urban and Architectural Studies and Research (in Persian). 32. Hafnidar, P., 2013, The Relationship among Five-Factor Model of Personality, Spirituality and Forgiveness, International Journal of Social Science and Humanity, Vol. 3, No. 2, PP. 167-170. 33. Hamze Nejad, M. and Salekhordeh, M., 2014, Investigating the climate of human climate in four temperaments, Islamic architectural research, Iran University of Science and Technology. 34. Ibn Sina, H., 2008, Law, Translating by Abdolrahman Sharafkandy, Tehran: Soroush Publication. 35. Irengun, O. and Arikboga, S., 2015, The Effect of Personality Traits on Social Entrepreneurship Intentions: A Field Research, Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences, Vol. 195, No. 1186–1195. 36. Ivancevich, J. M., and Matteson, M. T., 2002, Organizational Behavior and Management, 6th Edition, New York: McGraw Hill. 37. Kring, A. M.; Davison, G. C. and Johnson, S. H. L., 2011, Abnormal Psychology (Psychology of Abnormality), 10h Edition, Translated by: Shamsi-Pour, H., Vol. 2, Tehran: Argmand Publishing (in Persian). 38. Lock, H.; Fattah A. and Kirby, S., 2010, Airline of the Future: Smart Mobility Strategies thatWill Transforin the Industry, Cisco IBSG. 39. Napadon, Th., 2001, A syntatic analysis of spatial configuration towards the understanding of continuity and change in vernacular living space: a case study in the upper northeast of Thailand, Bell & Howell information and learning company. 40. Noghrekar, A.; Hamzenejad, M. and Dehghani Tafti, M., 2010, Investigating the Impact of Natural Environment on Behavior and Ethics from the Point of View of Islamic thinkers and its Results in Designing the Artifical Environment, Urban planning and planning utopia, No.5 (in Persian). 41. Ozaki, R., 2002, Nausing as areflection ofculture: Privatized living and privacy in Englandand Japan,.United State of America, University of Wisconsin- Milwaukee. 42. Parvin, L., 2002, Personality Psychology, Edited by: M. J. Javadi and P. Kadivar, Tehran: Rasa Cultural Services. 43. Pineau, C., 2008, The psychological meaning of comfort, Applied Psychology, Vol. 31, No. 2. PP. 271-282. 44. Rapoport, A., 1969, House Form and Culture, United State of America, University Of Wisconsin- Milwaukee. 45. Razjouyan, M., 1998, Comfort by Architecture Compatible with Climate, Tehran: Shahid Beheshti University Press. 46. Salmani, M., 2013, Live waves in architecture, Speech at Shahid Beheshti University. 47. Sax, W., 1991, Mountain goddess, New York: Oxford University Press. 48. Schultz D. A. and Schultz, C. A., 2006, Personality Theories, Edited by: Y. Seyyed Mohammadi, Publishing Edition. 49. Shahgoli, A. H. and Parsaee, J., 2017, Talent in Islamic wisdom, in the pursuit of talent in the field of science, psychology, climatology and freshness, Publication Student mobilization of Imam Sadiq (AS). | ||
|
آمار تعداد مشاهده مقاله: 823 تعداد دریافت فایل اصل مقاله: 391 |
||