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تأثیر کودهای زیستی نیتروژنی بر عملکرد و اجزای عملکرد دو رقم گندم (چمران و شیرودی) | ||
| تحقیقات آب و خاک ایران | ||
| مقاله 7، دوره 50، شماره 8، دی 1398، صفحه 1927-1936 اصل مقاله (483.16 K) | ||
| نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22059/ijswr.2019.270871.668066 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| سید ما شااله حسینی* 1؛ علی تسلیمی2؛ یعقوبعلی کرمی3؛ منوچهر دستفال4 | ||
| 1استادیار بخش تحقیقات خاک و آب، مرکـز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی استان فارس،سـازمان تحقیقـات، آمـوزش و ترویـج کشـاورزی،شیراز،ایران | ||
| 2دانشجوی سابق دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد علوم وتحقیقات فارس، گروه زراعت وکارشناس مسئول امور زراعت سازمان جهاد کشاورزی استان فارس،شیراز،ایران | ||
| 3مربی پژوهش بخش تحقیقات خاک و آب، مرکـز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی استان فارس سازمان تحقیقـات، آمـوزش و ترویـج کشـاورزی، شیراز، ایـران | ||
| 4مربی پژوهش بخش تحقیقات اصلاح و تهیه نهال و بذر، مرکـز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی استان فارس سازمان تحقیقـات، آمـوزش و ترویـج کشـاورزی، داراب، ایـران | ||
| چکیده | ||
| آزمایشی مزرعهای بهمنظور بررسی تأثیر چند نوع کود زیستی نیتروژنی بر عملکرد و اجزای عملکرد دو رقم گندم چمران و شیرودی به‌صورت کرتهای خرد شده در قالب طرح بلوکهای کامل تصادفی در سه تکرار در شهرستان داراب اجرا گردید. ارقام گندم (چمران و شیرودی) به‌عنوان کرتهای اصلی و کودهای زیستی (نیتراژین عمومی + 60% نیتروژن خالص از منبع اوره (A1) – نیتراژین ویژه غلات + 60% نیتروژن خالص از منبع اوره (A2) – نیتروکارا + 60% نیتروژن خالص از منبع اوره (A3)– نیتروکسین + 60% نیتروژن خالص از منبع اوره (A4)– نیتروجی (ازتوباکتر) + 60% نیتروژن خالص از منبع اوره (A5) – بیوفارم نیتروژنی + 60% نیتروژن خالص از منبع اوره (A6) – مصرف 100% نیتروژن خالص از منبع اوره (A7) – توصیه کودی بر اساس آزمون خاک بدون مصرف نیتروژن (A8)) به عنوان کرتهای فرعی در نظر گرفته شد. شاخصهای اندازهگیری شده شامل ارتفاع بوته، تعداد سنبله در مترمربع، تعداد دانه در سنبله، وزن هزار دانه و عملکرد در واحد سطح بودند. نتایج نشان داد که از لحاظ عملکرد اختلاف معنی‌داری بین ارقام گندم (P ≤0.05) و کودها (P ≤0.01) وجود دارد. تیمار A4، بیشترین مقادیر را در شاخصهای اندازهگیری شده بهخود اختصاص داد. تیمارهای A6 ,A3 ,A1 ,A2و A5 به ترتیب در مرحله بعد قرار گرفتند. تیمار A7 که منحصراٌ کود شیمیایی اوره بود در جایگاه بعدی قرار گرفت. بطور کلی کودهای زیستی استفاده شده در این تحقیق حاوی باکتریهای تثبیت‌کننده نیتروژن از جنس ازتوباکتر و آزوسپیریلوم، در صورت همراهی با کود شیمیایی نیتروژنی اوره میتواند جایگزین مناسب و مطمئنی برای تأمین بخشی از کودهای شیمیایی مصرفی نیتروژنه باشند. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها | ||
| ازتوباکتر؛ آزواسپریلیوم؛ اوره؛ تثبیت نیتروژن؛ کشاورزی پایدار | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| The Effect of Nitrogen Biofertilizers on Yield and Yield Components of Two Wheat Cultivars (Chamran and Shiroodi) | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| Seyed Mashaallah Hosseini1؛ Ali taslimi2؛ Yaghoobali Karami3؛ Manuchehr Dastfal4 | ||
| 1Assistant Professor,Soil and Water Department, Fars Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, AREEO,Shiraz, Iran. | ||
| 2Former student of Islamic Azad University, Fars Science and Research Branch,ِDepartment of Agronomy, and expert in agriculture affairs of Jihad-e-Agriculture Organization of Fars Province,shiraz,Iran. | ||
| 3Research instructor،Soil and Water Department, Fars Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, AREEO,Shiraz, Iran. | ||
| 4Research instructor, Seed and Plant Improvement Department, Fars Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, AREEO,Darab, Iran. | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| A field experiment was carried out in order to investigate the effect of several types of nitrogen biofertilizer on yield and yield components of two wheat cultivars (Chamran and Shiroudi) as split plots based on randomized complete block design with three replications in Darab city. Wheat cultivars (spring type Chamran and Shiroudi) were considered as main plots and biological fertilizers (General Nitragin (A1) – Nitragin special Cereal (A2) –Nitrokara (A3) –Nitroxin (A4) – Nitrogy (A5) – Nitrogen biofarm (A6) – 100% pure Nitrogen (A7= 400 kg ha-1 as urea) – without Nitrogen application (A8)) as subplots. The measured indices included plant height, number of spikes per square meter, number of seeds per spike, 1000 grain weight and yield per unit area. According to the results, there was a significant difference between wheat cultivars (P ≤0.05) and fertilizers (P ≤ 0.01). The treatment A4 (nitroxin + 60% pure nitrogen from urea source) obtained the highest values for the measured indices. The A2, A1, A3, A6 and A5 treatments were arranged in the next step, respectively. A7 treatment, which was exclusively urea, was arranged in the next step. Generally, the biofertilizers applied in this study containing nitrogen fixation bacteria (NFB) from Azotobacter and Azospirilum genuse, if accompanied with nitrogen fertilizer like Urea, could be a suitable and safe alternative for supplying a part of nitrogen chemical Fertilizers. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها [English] | ||
| Azotobacter, Azosperilium, Nitrogen fixation, Sustainable agriculture, Urea | ||
| مراجع | ||
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