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ارزیابی شاخصه‌های خشکسالی کشاورزی در حوزه آبریز فلات مرکزی ایران با استفاده از ماهواره گرانش‌سنجی | ||
| تحقیقات آب و خاک ایران | ||
| مقاله 5، دوره 50، شماره 2، خرداد و تیر 1398، صفحه 313-327 اصل مقاله (1.43 M) | ||
| نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22059/ijswr.2018.251136.667840 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| احمد نعمتی1؛ سید حسین قریشی نجف آبادی* 2؛ غلامرضا جودکی3؛ سید سعید موسوی ندوشنی2 | ||
| 1دانشجوی دکتری، دانشکده عمران، آب و محیط زیست، دانشگاه شهید بهشتی، تهران، ایران | ||
| 2استادیار، دانشکده عمران، آب و محیط زیست، دانشگاه شهید بهشتی، تهران، ایران | ||
| 3استادیار، گروه نقشه‌برداری، دانشکده مهندسی، دانشگاه زنجان، زنجان، ایران | ||
| چکیده | ||
| تعیین زمان شروع، شدت و مدت خشکسالی اطلاعات حیاتی برای مدیریت منابع آب در اختیار تصمیمسازان این حوزه قرار میدهد. محاسبه این مؤلفه‌ها نیازمند دادههای بهمپیوستهای از محتوی رطوبت خاک و تراز آب زیرزمینی میباشد که نصب و بهرهبرداری از شبکه منظم ثبت این دادهها در حوضههای آبریز گسترده بسیار هزینهبر است. در حوزه فلات مرکزی که متوسط بارش بسیار کمی دارد، دادههای مشاهداتی لازم با توزیع مکانی مناسب در دسترس نیست. در این مقاله فراوانی، مدت و شدت خشکسالیهای کشاورزی این حوزه به‌وسیله شاخص کمبود ذخیره کلی آب (TSDI) که از دادههای گرانشی ماهواره (GRACE) بدست میآید، تعیین میگردد. سپس با توجه به توزیع ناهمگن ایستگاههای هواشناسی در ناحیه موردمطالعه، 142 ایستگاه انتخاب و با استفاده از مدل درونیابی MicroMet و روش زمین‌آماری کریجینگ شبکه منظمی از دادههای هواشناسی در سطح حوزه آبریز برازش داده شد. در نهایت شاخص خشکسالی هواشناسی SPEI با مقیاسهای زمانی 3، 6 و 12 ماهه به‌منظور مقایسه با نتایج حاصل از TSDI محاسبه گردید. براساس این محاسبات ناحیه موردمطالعه چندین خشکسالی کشاورزی با شدت و گستردگی متفاوت را تجربه کرده است که توزیع زمانی-مکانی و شدت خشکسالی حاصل از هر دو شاخص با یکدیگر مطابقت خوبی را نشان میدهند. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها | ||
| شاخص خشکسالی کمبود ذخیره کلی TSDI؛ شاخص بارش و تبخیرتعرق استاندارد SPEI؛ توزیع زمانی و مکانی خشکسالی؛ شدت و مدت خشکسالی | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| Evaluation of Agricultural Drought Characteristics in Iran's Central Plateau Catchment using GRACE Satellite | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| Ahmad Nemati1؛ Seyed Hossein Ghoreishi Najafabadi2؛ Gholamreza Joodaki3؛ Seyed Saeed Mousavi Nadoushni2 | ||
| 1Ph.D Candidate, Faculty of Civil, Water and Environmental Engineering, Shahid Beheshti University (SBU), Tehran, Iran | ||
| 2Assistant Professor, Faculty of Civil, Water and Environmental Engineering, Shahid Beheshti University (SBU), Tehran, Iran | ||
| 3Assistant Professor, Department of Surveying Department, University of Zanjan (ZNU), Zanjan, Iran | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| Determining the onset, severity and duration of drought provides vital information for managing water resources to decision makers. The computation of these parameters requires integrated data on soil moisture content and groundwater level. The installation and utilization of a regular network system for recording these data in massive water basins is very costly. In the central plateau catchment of Iran where the average rainfall is very small, the required observational data with suitable spatial distribution are not available. In this paper, the frequency, duration and severity of agricultural droughts in this catchment are determined by the Total Storage Deficit Index (TSDI) obtained from the GRACE satellite based-data. Then, due to the heterogeneous distribution of meteorological stations in the studied area, 142 stations were selected and the MicroMet interpolation model and Kriging geostatistical method were used to fit a homogenous network on the meteorological data at the catchment area. Finally, the Standardized Precipitation Evapotranspiration Index (SPEI) was calculated with timescales of 3, 6 and 12 months to be compared with the results of TSDI. Based on these calculations, the studied area has experienced several agricultural droughts with different severity and extent that the spatio-temporal distribution and drought severity obtained from both indices are in good agreement with each other. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها [English] | ||
| Total Storage Deficiency Index (TSDI), Standard Precipitation Evapotranspiration Index (SPEI), Spatiaotemporal Drought Distribution, Severity and Duration of Drought | ||
| مراجع | ||
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