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برآورد اثر کشت مخلوط بر تولید علوفه و شاخص کارآئی ماشک (Vicia narbonensis L.) و جو (Hordeum vulgare L.) در شرایط تداخل علفهای هرز | ||
علوم گیاهان زراعی ایران | ||
مقاله 2، دوره 49، شماره 3، آذر 1397، صفحه 13-23 اصل مقاله (670.28 K) | ||
نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22059/ijfcs.2017.219998.654214 | ||
نویسندگان | ||
خسرو عزیزی* ؛ علیرضا دارائی مفرد؛ بهروز نصیری؛ محمد فیضیان | ||
دانشگاه لرستان | ||
چکیده | ||
آزمایش مزرعه ای بهمنظور بررسی اثر کشت مخلوط و علفهای هرز، در مزرعه تحقیقاتی دانشکده کشاورزی دانشگاه لرستان در دو سال زراعی (95-1394 و 94-1393) با دو گیاه لگوم و غله (ماشک برگ درشت و جو رقم آبیدر) در قالب سیستم مخلوط افزایشی (Additive Series Intercropping) بصورت فاکتوریل 5×4 در قالب طرح بلوکهای کامل تصادفی با سه تکرار و در یک مکان بصورت دیم اجراء شد، تیمارها شامل چهار سطح علف هرز (وجین کامل، یکبار وجین، دو بار وجین و عدم وجین) و سطوح مختلف اجزای مکمل مخلوط در 5 سطح، 40:100 (جو:ماشک)، 70:100، 100:100، 0:100 (کشت خالص جو) و 100:0 (کشت خالص ماشک)، بود. در همه برهمکنشها با افزایش تعداد دفعات وجین (کنترل علف های هرز) این عملکرد بیشتر شد.کمترین تعداد علف هرز (در متر مربع) از سال اول و دوم با مخلوط 70:100 (جو:ماشک برگ درشت) معادل 21 و 35/21 بدست آمد، کشت خالص جو بیشترین وزن علفهای هرز و کمترین کنترل را به عهده داشت (54/34 گرم/متر مربع)، از طرفی سطوح مخلوط، ترکیب 40:100 و 70:100 بیشترین کاهش وزن خشک کل علفهای هرز را به خود اختصاص دادند (56/24 و 77/23 گرم در متر مربع). بنابراین، در سطوح مذکور (متعادل کشت مخلوط) راندمان کنترل علفهای هرز در سال دوم بیش از سال اول بود. همچنین، با کاهش سهم ماشک از 100 به 70 و 40 درصد، بهره برداری از محیط نیز کاهش یافت و حداقل نسبت برابری زمین کل (LERt) در سال دوم و سطوح مختلف علف هرز به نسبت بذری 40:100 تعلق داشت. | ||
کلیدواژهها | ||
مخلوط افزایشی؛ کشت خالص؛ کنترل بیولوژیک | ||
مراجع | ||
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