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مروری بر اصول زیستپالایی نیترات از آب با روش نیتراتزدایی فاز جامد | ||
اکوهیدرولوژی | ||
مقاله 12، دوره 5، شماره 3، مهر 1397، صفحه 875-889 اصل مقاله (1.04 M) | ||
نوع مقاله: مروری | ||
شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22059/ije.2018.249987.805 | ||
نویسندگان | ||
مهدی ضرابی* 1؛ بهاره کریمی دونا2؛ اشرف السادات حاتمیان زارمی1 | ||
1استادیار دانشکدۀ علوم و فنون نوین، دانشگاه تهران | ||
2دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد زیستفناوری صنعت و محیط زیست، دانشکدۀ علوم و فنون نوین، دانشگاه تهران | ||
چکیده | ||
از سالها پیش آلودگی نیترات در آب و خاک از نگرانیهای اساسی در مسائل زیستمحیطی دنیا بوده است. ترکیبات حاوی نیتروژن رهاشده در محیط زیست میتواند سبب بروز مشکلات جدی مانند یوتریفیکاسیون رودخانهها و موجب بیماری خطرناکی به نام متهموگلوبینمیا و سایر اختلالات در سلامتی انسان شود. یکی از اهداف مهم تصفیۀ فاضلاب، حذف نیتروژن است که از طریق فرایندهای فیزیکی، شیمیایی و بیولوژیکی انجام میشود که روشهای بیولوژیکی حذف نیتروژن مؤثرتر و اقتصادیترند. دنیتریفیکاسیون از فرایندهای اصلی حذف نیترات در آبهاست که فرایندی بدون نیاز به اکسیژن محسوب میشود و در آن باکتریها از نیترات به عنوان گیرنده برای بهدستآوردن انرژی به منظور رشد استفاده میکنند. دنیتریفیکاسیون فاز جامد یک فناوری نوظهور است که در سالهای اخیر مورد توجه قرار گرفته است که در آن از پلیمرهای زیستتخریبپذیر به عنوان منبع کربنی و حامل بیوفیلم برای میکروارگانیسمهای نیتراتزدا استفاده میشود. این روش راهکاری امیدوارکننده و ارزان برای حذف نیترات از آب و فاضلاب است و در آینده میتوان توجه بیشتری معطوف به حذف همزمان نیترات و سایر آلایندهها از آب به وسیلۀ دنیتریفیکاسیون فاز جامد شده و از این طریق سلامت محیط و انسان تضمین شود. | ||
کلیدواژهها | ||
آلودگی نیترات؛ تصفیۀ فاضلاب؛ دنیتریفیکاسیون فاز جامد؛ میکروارگانیسمهای نیتراتزدا | ||
مراجع | ||
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