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تاثیر غلظت دیاکسید کربن و فراهمی نیتروژن خاک بر شاخصهای رشد و فیزیولوژیکی گندم | ||
تحقیقات آب و خاک ایران | ||
مقاله 6، دوره 49، شماره 4، مهر و آبان 1397، صفحه 779-767 اصل مقاله (841.22 K) | ||
نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22059/ijswr.2017.237231.667716 | ||
نویسندگان | ||
حسین میر سیدحسینی* 1؛ ارژنگ فتحی گردلیدانی2؛ منصور کوهستانی3؛ محمدرضا بیهمتا4 | ||
1دانشگاه تهران گروه مهندسی علوم خاک | ||
2دانشجوی دکتری گروه علوم و مهندسی خاک، دانشکده مهندسی و فناوری کشاورزی دانشگاه تهران | ||
3علوم و مهندسی خاک ، دانشکده مهندسی و فناوری کشاورزی، دانشگاه تهران | ||
4زراعت و اصلاح نباتات، دانشکده علوم و مهندسی کشاورزی، دانشگاه تهران | ||
چکیده | ||
افزایش غلظت دیاکسید کربن و بهبود شرایط تغذیهای ناشی از مصرف کود نیتروژنی معمولاً سبب افزایش فتوسنتز و رشد گیاهان میگردد. پژوهش حاضر باهدف بررسی اثر CO2 و نیتروژن بر ویژگیهای رویشی و فیزیولوژیکی گندم رقم چمران بهصورت آزمایش فاکتوریل بر پایه طرح کاملاً تصادفی شامل فاکتور بافت خاک (لوم رسی شنی و لوم شنی) و فاکتور نیتروژن (صفر، 100 و 200 میلیگرم در کیلوگرم)، در چهار تکرار و در دو سطح CO2 (400 و 850 پیپیام) انجام شد. نتایج نشان داد همه ویژگیهای رویشی گیاه (بهجز وزن خشک ریشه) در خاک لوم رسی شنی بیشتر از لوم شنی بود. افزایش مقدار نیتروژن خاک سبب افزایش ویژگیهای رشدی و فیزیولوژیکی گندم شد. با افزایش غلظت CO2 شاخصهای رویشی شامل ارتفاع، وزن تر و خشک بخش هوایی، وزن خشک ریشه و سطح برگ و همچنین محتوای نسبی آب برگ بهطور معنیداری افزایش یافت. در شرایط مصرف نیتروژن در هر دو سطح با افزایش غلظت CO2 شاخصهای رویشی گیاه بهطور معنیدار افزایش یافت. بهعبارتدیگر، افزایش مقدار نیتروژن خاک منجر به تشدید اثر افزایش غلظت CO2 گردید. بنابراین درصورتیکه محدودیتی از نظر تأمین عناصر غذایی ضروری گیاه به خصوص نیتروژن وجود نداشته باشد، در شرایط افزایش غلظت CO2 رشد و عملکرد گیاه گندم افزایش خواهد یافت. | ||
کلیدواژهها | ||
CO2؛ تغییر اقلیم؛ شاخصهای رشد؛ بافت خاک؛ گندم | ||
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