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قاعده لاضرر و حق بر محیط زیست با تأکید بر دریاچۀ ارومیه | ||
اکوهیدرولوژی | ||
مقاله 27، دوره 5، شماره 1، فروردین 1397، صفحه 331-341 اصل مقاله (482.22 K) | ||
نوع مقاله: پژوهشی | ||
شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22059/ije.2018.245768.778 | ||
نویسندگان | ||
رضا نیکخواه سرنقی* 1؛ سید مهدی صالحی1؛ حسین جوادی2 | ||
1استادیار گروه فقه و حقوق دانشگاه ارومیه | ||
2دانشجوی دکتری فقه و حقوق دانشگاه ارومیه | ||
چکیده | ||
دریاچۀ ارومیهبا وجود داشتن ویژگیهای زیستمحیطی منحصربهفرد، در نتیجۀ دخالت عوامل طبیعی و انسانی، در معرض خشکشدن قرار گرفته و بهخلاف کارکردی که میتوانست در تعدیل شرایط زیستمحیطی منطقه داشته باشد، به تهدیدی برای امنیت انسانی و نقض حقوق اساسی آنها، از جمله حق حیات، حق سلامتی، حق برخورداری از محیط زیست پاک و... تبدیل شده است. با وجود مشکلات یادشده، آنچه بررسی آن ضروری است، پرداختن به این سؤال اساسی است که چگونه میتوان از مبانی فقهی برای توجیه حق بر محیط زیست در خصوص دریاچۀ ارومیه استفاده کرد؟ کارکرد قاعدۀ لاضرر ـ به عنوان یکی از قواعد مسلّم فقهی ـ در اثبات این حق چیست؟ آیا از این قاعده میتوان برای پیشگیری و جبران ضرر نسبت به رفتار و اقدامات تهدیدکنندۀ محیط زیست استفاده کرد؟ پژوهش حاضر با درک این ضرورت، به بررسی مفهوم حق بر محیط زیست و مفهوم قاعدۀ لاضرر پرداخته و کوشیده است با بررسی ارتباط این دو مفهوم، جایگاه استدلالی قاعدۀ لاضرر در اثبات حقوق زیستمحیطی دریاچۀ ارومیه را روشن کند و از این رهگذر، به ارائۀ راهکارهایی بهمنظور حفاظت از دریاچه و تأمین حقوق زیستمحیطی پیرامون آن دست یابد. | ||
کلیدواژهها | ||
دریاچۀ ارومیه؛ حق؛ حق بر محیط زیست؛ قاعدۀ لاضرر | ||
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